Abstract:To summarize the domestic and International studies on chemical components, pharmacological activities and clinical applications of paeoniaceae,we consulted more than 70 domestic and international literatures and sum them up.The conclusion are as follows: the main active components of paeoniaceae are monoterpene glycosides,phenols and tannins;the pharmacologocal investigation shows that paeoniaceae possesses the effects of immune regulation, protecting liver, anti-tumor anti-microorganism and so on.