构橘叶挥发油的化学成分及活性研究

Chemical Components, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Leaves of Poncirus trifoliata

摘要:

目的：提取构橘叶挥发性成分，进行抗菌抗肿瘤活性测试，为进一步研究开发构橘提供实验依据。方法：利用水蒸气蒸馏法制备构橘叶挥发油，计算收率，并结合GC-MC分析化学成分；用纸片琼脂扩散法和MTT比色法分别研究构橘叶挥发油抗菌和抗肿瘤活性。结果：水蒸气蒸馏法提取构橘叶挥发油收率为0.78%，得到65个化合物，鉴定出51个，占总成分的91.25%；构橘叶挥发油对枯草杆菌具有较好的抑菌活性，对白血病细胞（K-562）、肝癌细胞（BEL-7402）具有一定的抑制活性，IC₅₀分别为31.53和36.84 g·mL^-1。结论：构橘叶挥发油的主要成分为芳樟醇氧化物（11.93%）、蓝桉醇（10.18%）、喇叭茶萜醇（8.92%）等。抗菌实验结果表明构橘叶挥发油对枯草杆菌具有较好的抗菌活性。抗肿瘤活性实验结果显示构橘叶挥发油对白血病细胞K-562和肝癌细胞BEL-7402细胞具有抑制增殖的活性。

Abstract:

Objective: To study the chemical constituents and bioactivity of essential oil from Poncirus trifoliata. Method: The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and separated by capillary GC. The chemical constituents were determined by normalization and were identified by MS. Result: 65 chromatographic peaks were detected and 51 compounds were identified, which were 91.25% of the total essential oil. The cytotoxicity of the essential oil against human cancer cell lines BEL-7402, K-562, SGC-7901 and SPCA-1 was investigated in vitro. Conclusion: The major components of the essential oil were linalool oxide (11.93%), (-)-globulol (10.18%) and Ledol (8.92%). The oil showed moderate activity against K-562 and BEL-7402 human tumor cell lines with IC₅₀ values less than 40 μg/ml. The oil was also found to possess antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis.