苦参常压提取与减压提取的工艺效果比较

Comparison Between Atmospheric and Vacuum Extraction Processes of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix

摘要:

目的: 比较苦参常压与减压提取效果,为苦参的临床安全用药提供参考.方法: 采用HPLC测定苦参碱与氧化苦参碱含量,流动相乙腈-无水乙醇-3%磷酸溶液(80:10:10),检测波长220 nm.以苦参碱与氧化苦参碱总质量分数及比值的综合评分为指标,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化苦参常压与减压提取工艺条件并比较二者的提取效果.结果: 最佳常压提取工艺为加8倍量水提取3次,每次1 h;苦参碱与氧化苦参碱总质量分数及比值分别为1.19%和0.430.最佳减压提取工艺为加8倍量水于70 ℃提取3次,每次1 h;苦参碱与氧化苦参碱总质量分数及比值分别为1.18%和0.079.结论: 苦参减压、常压提取时,苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的总质量分数无明显差别,但二者比值差异较大,提示减压提取可降低苦参提取物的毒性,该工艺可推广于苦参工业化生产.

Abstract:

Objective:To compare extracting effects between vacuum and atmospheric extraction processes of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix. Method: HPLC was employed to determine contents of matrine and oxymatrine with mobile phase of acetonitrile-ethanol-3% phosphoric acid(80: 10: 10) and detection wavelength at 220 nm.Taking composite score of total mass fraction and ratio of matrine and oxymatrine as index, based on single factor tests, orthogonal design was used to optimize vacuum and atmospheric extraction processes conditions of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix. Result: Optimal conventional extraction process was extracted thrice with 8 times the amount of water for 1 h of each time;total mass fraction and ratio of matrine and oxymatrine were 1.19% and 0.430, respectively.Optimum vacuum extraction process was extracted thrice with 8 times the amount of water at 70 ℃, 1 h for each time;total mass fraction and ratio of matrine and oxymatrine were 1.18% and 0.079, respectively. Conclusion: Total mass fraction of matrine and oxymatrine has no significant difference by conventional and vacuum extraction process, but ratios of these two components have large differences.It shows that vacuum extraction can reduce toxicity of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix extracts, this optimized technology is stable, feasible and suitable for industrial production of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix.