广西地桃花对金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎小鼠的体内抗菌作用

Antibacterial Effects of Urena lobata on Mice of Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia Model in Vivo

摘要:

目的: 研究广西地桃花对金黄色葡萄球菌的体内抗菌作用. 方法: 108只KM小鼠随机分成9组,正常组,模型组,地桃花水提物高、中、低剂量组(40,20,10 g·kg^-1),头孢唑林组(0.5 g·kg^-1),地桃花+头孢唑林组(地桃花水提物20 g·kg^-1,头孢唑林钠0.5 g·kg^-1),左氧氟沙星组(0.09 g·kg^-1),地桃花+左氧氟沙星组(地桃花水提物20 g·kg^-1,左氧氟沙星0.09 g·kg^-1),每组12只;除正常组外,其余各组采用滴鼻法建立小鼠金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎模型,小鼠在接种菌液24 h后给予相应的药物,连续给药4 d,头孢唑林针剂 im给药,每日2次;左氧氟沙星片剂 ig给药,每日1次;地桃花水提物 ig给药,每日2次;HE染色观察肺组织病理学变化,检测小鼠肺组织菌落数,血常规白细胞计数(WBC),中性粒细胞百分比(NEU%),中性粒细胞绝对值 (NEU),免疫球蛋白IgG,IgM的含量,观察不同治疗方法对细菌性肺炎模型小鼠的抗菌作用. 结果: 与模型组比较,地桃花水提物中、高剂量组的小鼠肺组织菌落数分别为(7.212±0.578),(6.210±0.570)×10⁸ CFU·g^-1,头孢唑林组、地桃花+头孢唑林组小鼠肺组织菌落数分别为(3.928±0.165),(2.042±0.076)×10⁸ CFU·g^-1,均显著低于模型组(P <0.01),而且地桃花+头孢唑林组肺组织菌落数显著低于头孢唑林组(P <0.01);左氧氟沙星组、地桃花+左氧氟沙星组肺组织菌落数分别为(5.375±0.837),(4.880±0.233)×10⁸ CFU·g^-1,均显著低于模型组(P <0.01),而且地桃花+左氧氟沙星组菌落数显著低于左氧氟沙星组(P <0.01).地桃花水提物中、高剂量组,以及地桃花+头孢唑林组、地桃花+左氧氟沙星组均可减少支气管炎性渗出物和肺泡炎性细胞浸润,促进肺泡结构恢复正常.地桃花水提物高剂量组,以及地桃花+头孢唑林组、地桃花+左氧氟沙星组均可减少小鼠血液WBC,NEU%,NEU和血清IgG,IgM水平(P <0.05, P <0.01). 结论: 地桃花水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌具有一定的体内抗菌作用.地桃花分别与头孢唑林钠、左氧氟沙星联合使用对金黄色葡萄球菌呈现不同程度的联合抗菌作用.

Abstract:

Objective: To study the antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of Urena lobata (DTH) on Staphylococcus aureus in vivo. Method: One hundred and eight KM mice were randomly divided into 9 groups:the normal group, the model group, the high-, medium-, low-dose DTH groups (40, 20, 10 g·kg^-1), the cefazolin group (0.5 g·kg^-1), the DTH plus cefazolin group (DTH 20 g·kg^-1, cefazolin 0.5 g·kg^-1), the levofloxacin group (0.09 g·kg^-1), the DTH plus levofloxacin group (DTH 20 g·kg^-1, levofloxacin 0.09 g·kg^-1) of 12 each. The mouse pneumonia model of S. aureus infection was established by nasal cavity instillation. The different medicines were administrated to the mice after inoculation for 4 days. The lung tissue homogenate colony culture numbers of the mouse were monitored. The white blood cell count (WBC), the percent of neutrophile granulocyte (NEU%), absolute neutrophil count (NEU), immune globulin G (IgG) and IgM were detected. The antibacterial effects on bacterial pneumonia mice were tested. Result: The lung tissue homogenate colony culture number was (7.212±0.578), (6.210±0.570)×10⁸ CFU·g^-1, respectively, in the medium-and high-dose DTH groups, was (3.928±0.165), (2.042±0.076)×10⁸ CFU·g^-1, respectively, in the cefazolin group and DTH plus cefazolin group, which were lower than those in the model group (P <0.01). Meanwhile, the results were better in the DTH plus cefazolin group. The lung tissue homogenate colony culture number was (5.375±0.837), (4.888±0.820)×10⁸ CFU·g^-1, respectively, in the levofloxacin group and the DTH plus levofloxacin group, which were lower than those in the model group (P <0.01). Meanwhile, the results were better in the DTH plus levofloxacin group. The inflammatory exudate in the bronchial lumen and alveolar inflammatory cells infiltration decreased, alveolar structure was restored in the high-, medium-dose DTH groups and the DTH plus cefazolin, DTH plus levofloxacin groups. Moreover, the counts of WBC, NEU%,NEU and IgG, IgM decreased in the high-dose DTH group and the DTH plus cefazolin, DTH plus levofloxacin groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that DTH has a certain degree of antibacterial effects on S. aureus in vivo. There are different degrees of combination effects against S. aureus when combined with cefazolin sodium or levofloxacin.