新疆伊贝母有效成分含量与土壤因子相关性分析

Relations Between Soil Factors and Active Ingredient Content of Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus in Xinjiang

摘要:

目的：研究伊贝母有效成分含量与土壤因子的相关性，筛选影响其有效成分含量的主导因子。方法：理化分析法进行土壤因子（pH，总盐，有机质，全氮，全磷，全钾，速效氮，速效磷，速效钾）的测定，应用主成分分析、聚类分析、相关分析及灰色关联度分析进行综合分析。结果：新疆不同产地土壤因子的含量存在较大差异，在同一产地的土壤因子含量也存在一定差异。总生物碱含量与速效钾有极显著正相关（P<0.01），与总盐有显著正相关（P<0.05）；西贝母碱与9种土壤因子无明显的相关性；西贝母碱苷含量与总盐有显著正相关（P<0.05）；水溶性成分腺苷含量与总盐、有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效钾有极显著正相关（P<0.01），β-胸苷含量与全氮有显著正相关（P<0.05）。上述相关分析结果与灰色关联度分析结果一致。伊贝母最佳适宜生长的土壤条件为pH 6.4~6.9，总盐2.3~5.6 g·kg^-1，有机质118~231 g·kg^-1，全氮5.8~11.9 g·kg^-1，全磷0.85~1.28 g·kg^-1，全钾10.4~29 g·kg^-1，速效氮428~906 mg·kg^-1，速效磷31~57 mg·kg^-1，速效钾424~494 mg·kg^-1。结论：综合考虑，土壤中速效钾、全氮、有机质、速效氮及总盐对伊贝母中有效成分的合成和积累起到了关键性作用。因此，无论选择土壤，还是生产中施肥，都应重视和合理使用速效钾、全氮、有机质、速效氮及总盐对伊贝母质量的影响。

Abstract:

Objective: To study the correlation between soil factors and contents of ingredient of Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus, to screen out the leading affecting factor. Method: Physicochemical analysis was used to detect soil factors, including pH, total salt, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis, correlation analysis and gray correlation analysis were applied in a comprehensive analysis. Result: It shows that the content varies greatly in different producing areas in Xinjiang, the content of ingredient was different in the same producing areas. The content of total alkaloids was positively correlated with that of available potassium (P<0.01) and total salt (P<0.05). Sipeimine was not significantly correlated with the nine soil factors. The content of sipeimine was positively correlated with that of total salt (P<0.05). The content of water-soluble component adenosine was positively correlated with that of total salt, organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available potassium (P<0.01). The content of β-thymidine was positively correlated with that of total nitrogen (P<0.05). The results were consistent with the gray correlation analysis results. According to the best soil conditions for Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus, pH was 6.4-6.9, total salt was 2.3-5.6 g·kg^-1, organic matter was 118-231 g·kg^-1, total nitrogen was 5.8-11.9 g·kg^-1, total phosphorus was 0.85-1.28 g·kg^-1, total potassium was 10.4-29 g·kg^-1, available nitrogen was 428-906 mg·kg^-1, available phosphorus was 31-57 mg·kg^-1, and available potassium was 424-494 mg·kg^-1. Conclusion: Total salt, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, organic matter and available potassium in soil played the most important roles in synthesis and metabolism of effective ingredient in Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus. Therefore, special attentions should be paid to the effects of total salt, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, organic matter and available potassium on the quality of Fritillariae Pallidiflorae Bulbus in soil selection and fertilization.