丹参药材中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的含量比较

Compaison on Content of Nitrite and Nitrate in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma

摘要:

目的：通过建立中药丹参中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐的测定方法来测定不同产地、不同煎煮时间丹参中亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐含量，并探究丹参体内硝酸盐积累的因素。方法：在超声条件下，利用去离子水萃取试样中的亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐，萃取液经C₁₈小柱净化，离心过滤后直接进样，使用阴离子交换色谱柱分离，电导检测器检测，外标法定量。结果：亚硝酸和硝酸根离子的线性关系良好，加样回收率介于93.1%~105.9%，方法的精密度和重复性良好。测得不同产地、不同品种、不同栽培措施处理的丹参中硝酸盐含量很高并且有显著性差异，同一品种不同器官中硝酸盐含量茎>根>叶。结论：离子色谱法可以同时检测丹参中亚硝酸根离子和硝酸根离子，灵敏度高，结果准确可行，为丹参的质量控制提供了一种简便快速的方法。同时，参考文献与其他10多种常用中药材的硝酸根含量作比较得出丹参是一种容易富集硝酸盐的作物，其硝酸盐的累积与种类、品种及部位等内在因素和施肥、栽培措施等外在因素密切相关。

Abstract:

Objective: To establish a method to determine the contents of nitrite and nitrate in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma of different origins and different boiling times, in order to explore the factors of nitrate accumulation in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Method: Under ultrasonic conditions, nitrite and nitrate in samples were extracted with deionized water. The extracting solution was purified through C₁₈ column and directly injected after centrifugal filtration. Anion exchange column was used to separate. Conductivity detector was used to detect, and the external standard method was used to quantify. Result: The linear relationship of nitrite and nitrate were good respectively, the recoveries rate was between 93.1% and 105.9%, and the precision and repeatability of the method were good. The content of nitrate in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma of different origin, different varieties and different cultivation measures was high and significantly different. The order of the content of nitrate in different organs of same variety was stem>root>leaf. Conclusion: Ion chromatography can simultaneously detect nitrite ions and nitrate ions in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, with a high sensitivity and accuracy. It provides a simple and rapid method for the quality control of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. At the same time, it is concluded that Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is a crop that is easy to enrich nitrate compared with the nitrate content in other ten kinds of commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, and the accumulation of nitrate is closely related to such internal factors as species, varieties and location and such external factors as fertilization and cultivation measures.