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基于PI3K/Akt信号通路探讨黄精健脑颗粒对血管性认知障碍大鼠学习记忆能力和脑血流量的影响及作用机制
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作者单位:

中国中医科学院 广安门医院,北京 100053

作者简介:

杨芮,硕士,从事中医药防治老年病、脑病的研究,E-mail:402482090@qq.com

通讯作者:

黄世敬,博士,研究员,从事中医药防治老年病、脑病的研究,E-mail: gamhsj@126.com;
潘菊华,博士,研究员,从事中医药防治心脑血管疾病的研究,E-mail:panjuhua@126.com

中图分类号:

R2-0;R24;R33;R289;R743

基金项目:

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZZ15-XY-PT-17);中央高水平中医医院临床科研业务费项目(HLCMHPP2023066,HLCMHPP2023035)


Huangjing Jiannao Granules Improve Learning and Memory Abilities and Cerebral Blood Flow in Rat Model of Vascular Cognitive Impairment via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
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Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China

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    摘要:

    目的 观察黄精健脑颗粒对血管性认知障碍(VCI)大鼠学习记忆能力和脑血流量的影响,探讨黄精健脑颗粒治疗VCI的作用机制。方法 SPF级雄性SD大鼠72只,随机选取12只作为假手术组,其余大鼠采用双侧颈总动脉结扎法(2-VO)建立VCI模型。将手术成功的大鼠按照随机区组设计分为模型组、盐酸多奈哌齐组(0.50 mg·kg-1)、黄精健脑颗粒低、中、高剂量组(2.36、4.72、9.44 g·kg-1)。治疗6周后,采用Morris水迷宫实验和新物体识别实验评估黄精健脑颗粒对VCI大鼠学习记忆能力的影响;连续灌胃8周后,采用激光微循环血流成像仪记录脑血流灌注量的情况;尼氏染色观察大鼠海马神经元的存活和损伤程度;免疫组化(IHC)检测海马组织神经元核抗原(NeuN)蛋白表达;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测大鼠海马组织磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)、核转录因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)、核转录因子-κB抑制因子α(IκBα)蛋白的表达。结果 与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠学习记忆能力显著下降(P<0.01),全脑、前脑和后脑区域血流量均显著减少(P<0.01),海马CA1区神经元损伤明显,神经元存活数显著减少(P<0.01),NeuN蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01),血清IL-1β、TNF-α含量显著增加(P<0.01),海马组织PI3K、p-Akt、NF-κB p65蛋白水平显著增加、IκBα蛋白水平显著减少(P<0.01);与模型组比较,黄精健脑颗粒中、高剂量组学习记忆能力明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01),黄精健脑颗粒高剂量组全脑、前脑、后脑血流量明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),黄精健脑颗粒中剂量组全脑血流量明显增加(P<0.05),黄精健脑颗粒低、中、高剂量组神经元存活数明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),NeuN蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),黄精健脑颗粒中、高剂量组TNF-α明显减少(P<0.05,P<0.01),黄精健脑颗粒中、高剂量组PI3K、p-Akt、NF-κB p65蛋白水平明显减少(P<0.05,P<0.01),IκBα蛋白水平显著增加(P<0.01)。结论 黄精健脑颗粒可以改善2-VO致VCI模型大鼠的学习记忆能力,并能促进VCI大鼠脑血流量的恢复,其作用机制可能与调控PI3K/Akt信号通路相关蛋白的表达,抑制炎症反应,减轻海马神经元损伤有关。

    Abstract:

    Objective To study the effects of Huangjing Jiannao granules on learning and memory abilities and cerebral blood flow in the rat model of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) and to explore the mechanism of Huangjing Jiannao granules in the treatment of VCI.Method Seventy-two SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly selected, with 12 rats as the sham operation group. The remaining rats were subjected to bilateral carotid artery ligation (2-VO) for the modeling of VCI. According to the randomized block design, the successfully modeled rats were grouped as follows: model, donepezil hydrochloride (0.50 mg·kg-1), and low-, medium-, and high-dose (2.36, 4.72, 9.44 g·kg-1, respectively) Huangjing Jiannao granules. After 6 weeks of treatment, Morris water maze test and new object recognition test were conducted to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the rats. After continuous gavage for 8 weeks, the cerebral blood flow was recorded by a laser microcirculation blood flow imager, and the survival and injury of hippocampal neurons were observed by Nissl staining. The expression of neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), and nuclear factor-κB inhibitor α (IκBα) in the hippocampus were determined by Western blot.Result Compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed weakened learning and memory abilities (P<0.01), reduced blood flow in the whole brain, forebrain, and hindbrain (P<0.01), damaged neurons and reduced survived neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region (P<0.01), down-regulated expression of NeuN (P<0.01), elevated levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the serum (P<0.01), up-regulated protein levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and NF-κB p65 in the hippocampal tissue, and down-regulated protein level of IκBαP<0.01). Compared with the model group, medium- and high-dose Huangjing Jiannao granules improved the learning and memory abilities (P<0.05,P<0.01). High-dose Huangjing Jiannao granules increased the blood flow in the whole brain, forebrain, and hindbrain (P<0.05,P<0.01), and medium-dose Huangjing Jiannao granules increased the blood flow in the whole brain (P<0.05). All the doses of Huangjing Jiannao granules increased the number of survived neurons (P<0.05,P<0.01) and up-regulated the protein level of NeuN (P<0.05,P<0.01). Medium and high-dose Huangjing Jiannao granules lowered the level of TNF-αP<0.05,P<0.01), down-regulated the protein levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and NF-κB p65 (P<0.05,P<0.01), and up-regulated the protein level of IκBαP<0.01).Conclusion Huangjing Jiannao granules can improve the learning and memory abilities and promote the recovery of cerebral blood flow in the rat model of VCI induced by 2-VO by regulating the expression of proteins involved in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, inhibiting inflammation, and reducing hippocampal neuron injury.

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杨芮,田雨沐,金雨静,翟吴剑文,张统,赵泽华,黄世敬,潘菊华.基于PI3K/Akt信号通路探讨黄精健脑颗粒对血管性认知障碍大鼠学习记忆能力和脑血流量的影响及作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2024,30(22):52~60

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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-10-17
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