Abstract:Objective: To optimize extracting technology of sparstolonin B and sanleng diphenyllactone from Scirpus yagara. Method: Contents of sparstolonin B and sanleng diphenyllactone were determined by HPLC,chromatographic conditions were as follows:Hanbang column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of methanol-1% acetic acid(65:35),flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,column temperature 30℃,detection wavelength 385 nm,injection volume 10 μL.With extracting amounts of sparstolonin B and sanleng diphenyllactone as indexes,orthogonal test was adopted to investigate effects of the concentration and dosage of enthanol,extraction time,extraction times on technology. Result: Order of effects of each factors on yield of sparstolonin B was extraction times>ethanol concentration>ethanol consumption>extraction time,but effects of each factor on yield of sanleng diphenyllactone was in order of ethanol concentration>extraction times>extraction time>ethanol consumption.Optimum extraction technology was as following:reflux extracted 2 times with 10 times the amount of 70% ethanol,1.5 h per time;Average extracting amounts of sparstolonin B and sanleng diphenyllactone were 13.95,5.95 μg·g^-1,respectively. Conclusion: Optimized extraction technology was stable and feasible with high extraction efficiency;This established determination method was sensitive,accurate and reproducible.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a method for determination of (R,S)-epigoitrin in decoction of Isatidis Radix and optimize ceramic membrane microfiltration purification technology for decoction of Isatidis Radix. Method: The content of (R,S)-epigoitrin was determined by HPLC,chromatographic conditions were as follows:mobile phase of methanol-water-phosphoric acid-triethylamine (14.0:85.3:0.6:0.1),detection wavelength 245 nm.Single factor tests were used to optimize ceramic membrane aperture according to indexes of transfer rate of (R,S)-epigoitrin and removal rate of impurity,then turbidity of decoction of Isatidis Radix before and after purified was determined. Result: Standard curves of (R,S)-epigoitrin was linear in the range of 0.002 5-0.248 μg with r=0.999 9,the average recovery was 98.9% with RSD of 1.9%.Optimal purification technology was as following:ceramic membrane aperture 200 nm,inlet pressure was 0.2 MPa,When liquid volume in reservoir barrel was not enough to circulate,water with equal to the amount of the least circulation volume of membrane filtration system was added to the barrel once,and when filtration volume was equivalent to the original,microfiltration was ended;Under these conditions,transfer rate of (R,S)-epigoitrin was (87.8±1.9)%,removal rate of impurity was (18.7±0.4)%.Turbidity of membrane filtrate with 200,50,10 nm were (1.4±0.3),(1.5±0.2),(0.5±0.2) NTU,Turbidity of retentate were (181.0±2.1),(220.4±2.5),(226.2±2.4) NTU. Conclusion: This determination method was rapid,accurate and stable with fine repeatability,it could be adopted to determined the content of (R,S)-epigoitrin.Ceramic membrane with 3 kinds of aperture could be well separated insoluble suspended particulate matter in aqueous extract of Isatidis Radix,but clarify effect had no difference among each aperture.

Abstract:Objective: To prepare limonin creams and investigate its quality stability. Method: Creams was prepared with limonin as raw material,HPLC was adopted to determined the content and related substances of limonin,chromatographic conditions were as follows:Zorbax SB-C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),Zorbax SB-C₁₈ guard column(4.6 mm×12.5 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of water-acetonitrile(42:58),detection wavelength 207 nm,flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,column temperature at room temperature,injection volume 20 μL,stability of three batches of limonin creams were carried out. Result: Limonin creams showed milky white,its identification and inspection items were in line with relevant regulations,the linear range of limonin was 20.26-101.3 mg·L^-1 with average recovery of 99.6%(RSD 0.68%).The mass fraction of limonin in three creams samples was 100.4%-101.6%,quality of samples was stable in different environments except in high humidity or high temperature,where volume would be slightly increased or decreased. Conclusion: This preparation technology was simple and controllable,it should be saved in cool and dry place.

Abstract:Objective: To optimize ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis technology of baohuosideⅠ. Method: The content of baohuosideⅠ was determined by HPLC,chromatographic conditions were as follows:Diamond C₁₈ column(4.60 mm×250 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(25:75),flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,column temperature 30℃,detection wavelength 270 nm.Taking bioconversion rate of baohuosideⅠ as index,based on single factor tests,effects of ultrasonic power,pH,temperature,enzyme dosage and reaction time on preparation technology were investigated L₉(3⁴) orthogonal design. Result: Optimal enzymatic conditions were:ultrasonic power of 200 W,pH of 5.0,reaction temperature at 40℃,reaction time of 4 h,enzyme dosage 5%.Under these conditions,conversion rate of baohuosideⅠ was 97.4%. Conclusion: Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic method could improve conversion rate of baohuosideⅠ with low reaction temperature,short reaction time,little enzyme and other advantages,optimized process was stable,simple and suitable for industrial production.

Abstract:Objective: To invesitgate stability of lactones in volatile oil from Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Method: The content of ligustilide at different times was determined by HPLC when volatile oil was put in refrigeration(4℃) avoiding light, room temperature(18-25℃) avoiding light and room temperature under light,respectively.degradation rate constant of ligustilide was calculated,chromatographic conditions were as follows:Hedera ODS-2 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of methanol-water(65:35),detection wavelength 273 nm,column temperature 30℃,injection volume 10 μL,flow rate 1 mL·min^-1.And analyzed peak area change of butylphthalide,3-butylidenephthalide and senkyunolide A at the same concentration. Result: Under these three conditions,degradation rate constants of ligustilide in volatile oil were 2.0×10^-4,6.4×10^-3,8.4×10^-3,respectively;With extension of storage time,contents of butylphthalide and 3-butylidenephthalide increased while ligustilide and senkyunolide A decreased,and increasing amplitude of 3-butylidenephthalide was close to reduction amplitude of ligustilide. Conclusion: Volatile oil from Chuanxiong Rhizoma should be stored below 4℃ avoiding light,and its components could transform into each other during storage.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate transdermal absorption characteristics of total coumarins in Daphne giraldii and influence of penetration enhancers on transdermal behavior of these ingredients. Method: Valia-Chien diffusion cell was adopted,with the average permeability coefficient,cumulative permeation amounts and skin accumulation amounts of daphnetin as indexes,transdermal absorption kinetics characteristics and effects of penetration enhancer on it were investigated.The content of daphnetin was determined by HPLC,chromatographic conditional were as follows:Kromasil C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid(22:78),detection wavelength 327 nm,injection volume 20 μL,flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1. Result: Transdermal concentration of daphnetin and time showed a kinetic mode.Absorption time-lag of 1%borneol,3%borneol,5%borneol were 2.3,2.9,3.3 h,respectively.Azone,1,2-propanediol and borneol could obviously promote transdermal absorption of daphnetin,order of the overall penetration effect was azone>borneol>azone and 1,2-propanediol>1,2-propanediol>no penetration enhancer. Conclusion: 3% Azone was the best penetration enhancer for total coumarins in D. giraldii.

Abstract:Objective: To optimize extraction technology of total polyphenols from Cinnamomi Cortex and observe its effect on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Method: With yield of total polyphenols as index,effects of the concentration of ethanol,solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature and extraction time on extraction technology were investigated by orthogonal test.Diabetic mice model was established with fasting plasma glucose(FPG) as index,successful modeling mice were divided into five groups,such as the blank control group,model control group,positive control group(metformin hydrochloride),low-dose of total polyphenols from Cinnamomi Cortex group,high-dose group,effect of total polyphenols from Cinnamomi Cortex on blood glucose of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice was investigated. Result: Optimum extraction process was as following:extracted 60 min with 10 times the amount of 30% ethanol at 80℃;Average yield of total polyphenols from Cinnamomi Cortex was 3.9%,the mass fraction of it was 39.1%.Before administration,FPG of each group were (6.33±1.27),(18.06±3.12),(18.71±3.51),(18.06±3.27),(18.41±3.54) mmol·L^-1,respectively;While after gavage 3 w,FPH were (5.36±1.06),(31.59±2.94),(25.08±3.35),(15.33±4.02),(12.50±3.85) mmol·L^-1,respectively. Conclusion: Optimized technology was scientific and reasonable,it could be used as basis for trial production of total polyphenols from Cinnamomi Cortex.Total polyphenols from Cinnamomi Cortex had significantly decrease fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice.

Abstract:Objective: To optimize preparation technology of Rhododendri Daurici Folium total flavonoids solid dispersions. Method: With polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000),polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVPK30 K30) and poloxamer 188 (Pluronic F68) as carrier respectively,suitable carrier melting-solvent method and solvent method were used to prepare solid dispersions with different proportion(1:1,1:2,1:4,1:6) of total flavonoids from Rhododendri Daurici Folium-carrier.With total flavonoids from Rhododendri Daurici Folium as detection index,in vitro dissolution of the dispersions was analyzed by UV,and T_d of each solid dispersions was calculated. Result: Optimum preparation process was as following:with 4 times the volume of PVPK30 as carrier,dissolved in 20 times the amount of ethanol,rotary evaporation to remove ethanol at 50℃,in vitro dissolution of total flavonoids from Rhododendri Daurici Folium in PVPK30 solid dispersions were up to 100%.With PEG6000 as carrier,T_d of solid dispersions with different proportion(1:1,1:2,1:4,1:6) of total flavonoids from Rhododendri Daurici Folium-carrier were 6.329,5.225,0.096,4.755 min,respectively;Pluronic F68 as carrier,T_d were 4.045,3.561,0.018,0.026 min,respectively;PVPK30 as carrier,T_d were 5.000,5.000,0.005,0.056 min,respectively. Conclusion: Solvent method could successfully prepare Rhododendri Daurici Folium total flavonoids solid dispersions with good solubilization effect,but this method was not suitable for industrial production.

Abstract:Objective: To optimize steaming technology of Cuscutae Semen pie by orthogonal test. Method: With contents of hyperoside,quercetin and kaempferol as indexes,the amount of water,moistening time and steaming time as factors,orthogonal design was used to optimize processing technology of Cuscutae Semen pie.Contents of index components were determined by HPLC,chromatographic conditional were:Kromasil C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×200 mm),mobile phase of methanol(A)-0.15% phosphric acid solution(B) with gradient elution program(0-10 min,60%A;10-20 min,45%A;20-30 min,60%A),detection wavelength 365 nm,flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,injection volume 15 μL. Result: Optimum steaming technology of Cuscutae Semen pie was:weighed 20 g Cuscutae Semen crude product,moistened 10 h with 40 mL water,steamed 2 h. Conclusion: This optimized processing technology was stable and feasible.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate effect of pretreatment methods on the content of cholic acid from sheep bile. Method: Cholic acid was prepared by direct drying method,saponification method,vacuum freeze drying method,centrifugation method,respectively.The content of cholic acid was determined by UV,amd effect of pretreatment methods on the content of cholic acid from sheep bile was investigated. Result: Effect of different processing methods on the content of cholic acid was great,contents of cholic acid from saponification crude products,saponification refined products,freeze-dried products,centrifugation drying products1,centrifugation drying products2 and gallbladder direct drying products were 63.41%,79.55%,39.67%,30.62%,41.71%,36.26%,respectively. Conclusion: Comprehensive evaluation with yield of dry products and the content of cholic acid,direct centrifugation combining with adding 95% ethanol removal of protein composition and vacuum freeze drying method were better than other methods.

Abstract:Objective: To compare effects of different extraction processes for Tongmai oral liquid on experimental myocardial ischemia in mice. Method: Intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol in mice to establish model of myocardial ischemia.Effects of Tongmai extract A,Tongmai extract B,commercially available Tongmai oral liquid and compound Danshen tablets on plasmic ATP content and myocardial tissue in mice were compared. Result: The concentration of plasmic ATP in model group,Tongmai oral liquid group,Tongmai extract A group,Tongmai extract B group,compound Danshen tablets group and blank control group were (197.06±77.78),(239.60±60.90),(328.21±84.27),(318.42±70.87),(271.13±66.45),(475.93±94.98) μg·L^-1,respectively;Myocardial tissue damage index of these groups were (2.26±0.86),(1.16±0.28),(0.59±0.17),(0.76±0.23),(0.68±0.12),0,respectively.Treatment effect of Tongmai extract A and Tongmai extract B were significantly better than Tongmai oral liquid and better than compound Danshen tablets without significantly influence,but Tongmai extract A was slightly better than Tongmai extract B. Conclusion: After changing of extraction processes,Tongmai extract A and Tongmai extract B could significantly improve myocardial ischemia in mice by increasing heart function,treatment effect was significantly better than commercially available Tongmai oral liquid,wherein Tongmai extraction A showed more significant role.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a determination method for pulsatilla saponin D in Pulsatillae Radix. Method: The content of pulsatilla saponin D was determined by RP-HPLC,chromatographic conditions were as follows:Elite Hypersil ODS₂ C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of acetonitrile-water-formic acid(38:62:0.1),flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,detection wavelength 203 nm,column temperature 25℃.Content difference of pulsatilla saponin D in Pulsatillae Radix from different areas was investigated. Result: Pulsatilla saponin D had good linear relationship in 0.311 2-3.112 μg(r=0.999 9),RSD of instrument precision was 1.36%,RSD of method repeatability was 1.65%,samples solution was stable within 24 h,the average recovery was 98.07%(RSD 0.64%).The content of pulsatilla saponin D in Pulsatillae Radix from Jilin was the highest(0.256%),which was 20 folds higher than Pulsatillae Radix from Guangdong. Conclusion: This method was simple,accurate and repeatable.The content of pulsatilla saponin D in Pulsatillae Radix from different areas had much difference,so materials choice should be careful.

Abstract:Objective: To establish quality standardS of Pingxiao granules. Method: Ephedrae Herba,Paeoniae Radix Alba and Cnidii Fructus in Pingxiao granules were identified by TLC;The content of ephedrine hydrochlorid was determined by RP-HPLC,chromatographic conditions were as follows:Hedera ODS2 column(4.6 mm×200 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid(3:97),flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1,detection wavelength 207 nm,column temperature at 30℃. Result: Spots of Ephedrae Herba,Paeoniae Radix Alba and Cnidii Fructus in Pingxiao granules on TLC could be well separated.Ephedrine hydrochlorid showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.069 6-0.417 6 μg (r=0.999 0),the average recovery was 99.35% with RSD 1.84%,the contents of ephedrine hydrochlorid in three batches of Pingxiao granules were 0.202 2,0.209,0.207 2 mg·g^-1,respectively;Temporarily intended the content of ephedrine hydrochlorid should more than 0.17 mg per 1 g of this product. Conclusion: This established method was simple,specific,sensitive and reproducible,it was suitable for quality control of Pingxiao granules.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of 4 coumarins(umbelliferone,daphnoretin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,triumbelletin and daphnoretin) in Wikstroemia indica. Method: Chromatographic separation was performed on an Elite Hypersil-ODS column(4.6 mm×200 mm,5 μm) with a gradient elution of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as mobile phase,UV detection wavelength was set at 345 nm,flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1,column temperature was maintained at 30℃ and injection volumn was 20 μL.Difference of four coumarins in W. indica from nine regions was compared. Result: All the standard compounds showed a good linearity in the range of 0.070-0.770(r=0.999 9),0.190-2.09(r=0.999 9),0.765-8.42(r=0.999 8),4.08-44.9 mg·L^-1(r=0.999 9)for umbelliferone,daphnoretin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,triumbelletin and daphnoretin,respectively.Under these conditions,the average recoveries of these four coumarins were 98.0%,96.6%,96.5%,101.3%,respectively and RSD were 1.9%,1.2%,1.7%,1.1%, respectively.Contents of triumbelletin and daphnoretin were significantly higher than umbelliferone and daphnoretin-7-O-β-D-glucoside in W. indica from nine regions,difference between umbelliferone and daphnoretin was small,but difference between daphnoretin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and triumbelletin was big,the content of daphnoretin-7-O-β-D-glucoside was highest from Yunnan region2,Sichuan region was the lowest;The content of triumbelletin was highest from Jiangxi origin,but this ingredient was not detected from Yunnan region1,Guangxi origin3 and Guizhou origin. Conclusion: This developed method was accurate,sensitive and reproducible,it could be successfully applied to quality control of W. indica.

Abstract:Objective: To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of four iridoid glycosides (geniposide,shanzhiside,deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester and genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside) in Yinzhihuang granules. Method: Chromatographic conditions were as follows:Kromasil C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)-0.05% trifluoroacetic acid solution(B) with gradient elution program(0-15 min,5%-6%A;15-23 min,6%-10%A;23-35 min,10%-22%A),flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,detection wavelength 238 nm,column temperature at 30℃. Result: The linear ranges of geniposide,shanzhiside,deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester and genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside were 0.334 4-3.344 0,0.041 5-0.415 2,0.046 6-0.466 4,0.093 1-0.931 2 μg,respectively;Average recoveries of these four ingredients were 97.3%(RSD 1.6%),99.6%(RSD 2.7%),97.6%(RSD 2.3%) and 99.2%(RSD 2.2%),respectively. Conclusion: This method was convenient and accurate,it could be used to improve quality standard of Yinzhihuang granules.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a method for determining buddleoside in Buddlejae Flos formula granules. Method: Buddleoside was separated on Inertsil ODS₃C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid(55:45) as mobile phase,flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1,column temperature was at 20℃,detection wavelength was 327 nm,injection volume was 10 μL. Result: Buddleoside had good linear relationship within the range of 0.104 8-1.048 μg with r=0.999 6,the average recovery was 102.2% with RSD 1.9%. Conclusion: This method was simple,accurate and reproducible,it could be used to determine the content of buddleoside in Buddlejae Flos formula granules.

Abstract:Objective: To compare contents of ferulic acid and ligustilide in different grades of decoction pieces of Chuanxiong Rhizoma and provide a theoretical basis for its traditional grading. Method: HPLC was used to determined contents of ferulic acid and ligustilide with Comatex C₁₈(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),column temperature at 30℃,injection volume of 10 μL and flow rate was 1 mL·min^-1;Mobile phase of ferulic acid and ligustilide were methanol-water (70:30) and methanol-acetic acid solution(30:70),detection wavelength were 326 nm and 321 nm,respectively. Result: The content of ligustilide in first grade products,second-class products and parcel of mixed goods were 3.14%,2.91% and 0.30%-2.84%,respectively;The content of ferulic acid were 0.26,0.23% and 0.1-0.21%,respectively. Conclusion: Contents of ferulic acid and ligustilide from different grades of decoction pieces of Chuanxiong Rhizoma were in order of first grade products,second-class products and parcel of mixed goods,this study could prove that traditional grading method of Chuanxiong Rhizomais had some rationality.

Abstract:Objective: To study the Correlation of the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids and antioxidant activities of five Callicarpa species. Method: The contents of total phenols,total flavonoids of five Callicarpa species were detected with Uv-Visible spectrophotometer. Subsequently, the antioxidant activities of five Callicarpa species were determined by seven antioxidant methods, including·O₂^- scavenging, DPPH·scavenging, ABTS⁺·scavenging,·OH scavenging, Cu²⁺-chelating, and Fe³⁺ reducing assays, anti-lipidperoxidation. Result: The contents of total phenols,total flavonoids of five Callicarpa species were significantly different with each other and Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. et Arn possessed the highest contents. There were various kinds of relationship about antioxidant activities of five Callicarpa species from seven methods. The results of correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids and antioxidant activities apart from anti-lipidperoxidation activity. Conclusion: Five Callicarpa species were rich in phenols and flavonoids,had excellent antioxidant activities,so they would be developed as new natural antioxidants.

Abstract:Objective: To study the difference of material base after vinegar processing by establishing the fingerprint of Schisandrae chinensis fructus and its processed products. Method: The chromatographic separation was performed at 35℃, with the acetonitrile-15 mmol·L^-1 monopotassium phosphate(pH 2.0) as the mobile phrase in gradient elution.The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm and 210nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1. Result: There are significant differences after vinegar processing, in which 5-hydroxymethyl furfural content(5-HMF) in the most significant change. Conclusion: The established method can better reflect the differences of material foundation before and after processing, provides the scientific basis for quality evaluation of Schisandrae standards, and lays the foundation for further revealing the scientific connotation of the principle of schisandra.

Abstract:Objective: To establish the quality standard and evaluation of Echinacea Purpurea oral liquid. Method: TLC test was based on silica gel plate with the upper solution of ethyl acetate-acetic acid-water (6:0.5:1) as mobile phase. The analytical column was Agilent Eclipse XDB-C₁₈(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile and 0.3% phosphoric acid as mobile phase in gradient mode;the flow rate was 1.2 mL·min^-1;the detecting wavelength was set at 330 nm;the column temperature was set at 35℃ and the injection volume was 10 μL. At the same time, pH and relative density were determined. Result: Characteristic of Echinacea Purpurea oral liquid was clear. The linear range of cichoric acid was 0.004-0.128 g·L^-1(r=0.999 9), and the average recovery was 101.13% with RSD 1.41%. Conclusion: The method to identify cichoric acid is simple and has a great repeatability. The method to detemine the content of cichoric acid in Echinacea Purpurea oral liquid is simple, accurate with a good reproducibility. So the TLC and HPLC methods can be used for the quality of the oral liquid.

Abstract:Objective: To identify and analytical ten samples' infrared spectroscopy of wild Zushima. Method: Using the 1D spectra, second derivative spectra, common peak ratio and variant peak ratio and identify research to structure and fingerprint analysis. Result: The study obtains eight common characteristic absorption peaks of Zushima, and its common peak ratio and variant peak ratio fluctuate between 77%-85%,11.8%-29.4% respectively,but for the four spurious breeds, its common peak ratio fluctuate between 63.6%-71.4%,and variant peak ratio fluctuates greatly. Conclusion: Zushima canbe identified quickly by infrared spectroscopy, and the methed in reliable and feasible.

Abstract:Objective: To determine the content of Cu, Pb, As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Sn, Ba, Ti and Se in fifteen agarwood from different resources and evaluate their safety. Method: The samples were digested by microwave digestion method, and detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. Result: The content of Pb and Cd of four samples from seven merchant samples were overrun the limit by China Pharmacopoeia Committee. However, the content of Cu, Pb, As, Hg and Cd of the other eight samples, including seven agarwood samples produced by whole-tree agarwood-inducing technique and one agarwood sample produced by fungi-inoculation method, met the requirement of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: At present now, the content of harmful heavy metal from lots of merchant agarwood were overrun the limit. It has become a very serious phenomenon. Therefore, we must pay high attention to the safety of agarwood for medicine.

Abstract:Objective: To establish UPLC method for the determination of two components in Caesalpinia decapetala. Method: Separation was performed at 45℃, on a ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (2.1 mm×150 mm, 1.7 μm) with a gradient solvent system of acetonitrile-0.1% aqueous formic acid as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min^-1 and the detection wavelength was 266 nm. Result: The linear response ranges of(1'R, 3'S, 5'R, 8'S, 2E, 4E)-dihydrophaseic acid-3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and (±) Protosappanin B were 0.497-79.6 mg·L^-1 (r=0.999 8), 1.50-240 mg·L^-1 (r=0.999 9), respectively. The mean recoveries of the two components were 100.9%(RSD 1.9%), 99.89%(RSD 1.8%). Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate, and is suitable for evaluating the quality of Caesalpinia decapetala.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a near infrared spectroscopy method for the determination of polysaccharides in Polygonatum wine matrix extract. Method: The polysaccharide was measured by phenol-sulfuric acid method and the near-infrared spectroscopy of the Polygonatum wine matrix extract was collected by Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy technology. Partial least square (PLS) was utilized to build the polysaccharide quantitative calibration model. Result: The results show that correlation coefficient (R), internal cross-validation mean square error (RMSECV) were 0.970 3 and 0.771.External validation samples collected on-line were used to evaluate the quantitative models. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) and the correlation coefficient of the true value and prediction were 0.624 and 0.969 2. Conclusion: The presented method is rapid, accurate and reliable, which can be used in practice to fast determine polysaccharide content in Polygonatum wine matrix extract.

Abstract:Objective: To develop an analytic method for determination of triptoquinone B in tripterygium glycosides. Method: The HPLC-ESI-MS and HPLC-DAD methods were established. Triptoquinone B in tripterygium glycosides was quickly identified by comparing the retention time, UV absorption spectrum and quasi-molecular ion peak [M+Na]⁺ with the reference compound. The content of triptoquinone B in tripterygium glycosides was determined by HPLC. Result: One level mass spectrometry scanning results showed that the chromatographic peak of retention time t_R=13.2 min was identified as triptoquinone B, and its quasi-molecular ion peak [M+Na]⁺ was 353.1.The calibration curves of triptoquinone B was linear between 0.115-1.15 μg (r=0.999 9). The average recovery and the relative standard deviation were 99.32% and 0.7% respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and could be used for determination of triptoquinone B in tripterygium glycosides.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a UPLC method for simultaneous determination of buddleoside and chlorogenic acid in Chrysanthemi Indici Flos from different areas. Method: UPLC was used. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C₁₈ (2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.8 μm) column with gradient elute. The flow rate was 0.2 mL·min^-1. The detection wavelength was set at 326 nm and column temperature was maintained at 25℃. Result: Good linear relationship between the peak area and content of buddleoside and chlorogenic acid was achieved when the amount was within 3.0-120.0, 0.48-19.20 mg·L^-1;the recoveries were 99.43% and 98.67%;RSDs were 1.54% and 2.13% respectively(n=6). Conclusion: The UPLC analysis is speed, reproducible, accurate, efficient and convenient, which can detect the content of buddleoside and chlorogenic acid in Chrysanthemi Indici Flos.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extracts from Desmodium caudatum. Method: By establishing α-glucosidase inhibitory model in vitro, the activity of extracts from D. caudatum was screened. Result: The extracts from D. caudatum showed good inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate extract and petroleum ether extract had higher inhibitor activity (IC₅₀=9.79 and 39.2 mg·L^-1), which showed far greater activity than that of acarbose (IC₅₀=1 103.01 mg·L^-1), and followed by petroleum ether and n-butanol extract (IC₅₀=625.1 mg·L^-1). The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of DCBU had concentration-dependent manner. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of DCPE and DCEA is sensitive to the change of concentration, which increased dramatically as the concentration increased. Conclusion: DCPE and DCEA showed very significant inhibitory activity to α-glucosidase, and could be exploited the diabetes drugs as α-glucosidases inhibitors in future.

Abstract:Objective: Agastache rugosa polysaccharide was extracted from the branches and leaves of A. rugosa, the research can provide and supply scientific basis for the search of its polysaccharide antioxidant activity to empolder A. rugosa medicinal materials. Method: The polysaccharide was obtained from A. rugosa branches and leaves by ultrasonic extraction method, and tested L₉(3⁴) orthogonal experiment on the base of material-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time and pH value, to optimize A. rugosa polysaccharide extract technology;A. rugosa polysaccharide to remove hydroxyl radical was also studied. Result: The best A. rugosa polysaccharide extracting technology assisted by ultrasonic was material-liquid ratio 1:10, ultrasonic time 30 min, and pH value 6, and the extraction rate of polysaccharide was reached up to 7.50%. A. rugosa polysaccharide had significant scavenging effect for hydroxyl radical produced by Fenton reaction theory. Conclusion: A. rugosa polysaccharide had antioxidant activity. The polysaccharide may be extracted from the branches and leaves of A. rugosa, and had development value.

Abstract:Objective: To study the volatile constituents from flesh of two Cucurbita moschata (Miben, Chaotianmiben). Method: The volatiles were analyzed by head-space solid micro-extraction, coupled with GC-MS and Kovats indices for the first time. A quantitative analysis in percent was performed by peak area normalization measurements. Result: Twenty-three compounds were identified from Miben and 32 from Chaotianmiben C.moschata 95.47% and 100.00% of the total essential constituents respectively. The two C.moschata had 19 common components. Conclusion: Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (18.64%), dihydroactindiolide(12.05%) were the highest components of the total essential constituents of C.moschata (miben). Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (22.68%), linolenic acid ethyl ester (15.57%) were the highest components of the total essential constituents of C.moschata(Chaotianmiben). The volatile constituents were different between the two C.moschata.

Abstract:Objective: The chemical components of essential oil from Agastache rugosa and Pogostemon cablin was analyzed by GC-MS. Method: The components were isolated and identified by GC-MS. The components were identified by their mass spectra. The relative content in percentage were calculated from the GC peak areas. Result: Forty-five and twenty-two components were identified in the essential oil of A. rugosa and P. cablin extracted by steam distillation. Conclusion: This paper reports the composition of essential oil between A. rugosa and P. cablin for the first time.

Abstract:Objective: To establish an HPLC method for determination and characteristic spectrum of flavonoids in Citrus Fructus and Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. Method: Chromatographic analysis was carried on the coloumn of Waters SunFire^TM C₁₈(4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1;the detection wavelength was set at 284 nm and the coloumn temperature was 30℃. Result: The flavonoids compounds were base-isolated in HPLC characteristic spectrum. The linear range of hesperidin was 0.173 6-1.215 2 μg(r=0.999 5), the average recovery was 101.19%(n=6) in Citrus medica, and the average recovery was 99.11%(n=6) in Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. The linear range of naringin was 0.190 4-1.142 4 μg(r=0.999 5), the average recovery was 102.98%(n=6). Conclusion: The method is rapid, accurate and reliable, and can be applied to the quality control of Citrus Fructus and Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus.

Abstract:Objective: This manuscript presents a method to research the dissolution and external leaching rule of Suxiao Zhixie capsule. Method: By using of HPLC method, the wavelength of the spectrophotometer set at 256 nm. The dissolution medium is 0.1 mol·L^-1 HCl, the rotate speed is 120 r·min^-1(settlement basket method). Result: We get a good uniform and repeatability during assaying the dissolution of Suxiao Zhixie capsule. The sampling time should be 45 min, and the percentage of dissolution should not less than 75%. Conclusion: The method we used to assay the dissolution of Suxiao Zhixie capsule is simple, accuracy and reliable.

Abstract:Objective: To explore Xiangsha Liujunzi water decoction of Ethyl acetate parts solution active ingredients of chemical material foundation, carries on the comprehensive development and utilization, the chemical composition of the system research. Method: According to the traditional decoction method extraction, repeatedly using silica gel column chromatography, sephadex LH-20 and through the spectrum analysis structure identification. Result: Separation and identification of 9 compounds, rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae lactone Ⅱ respectively (atractylenolide Ⅱ, 1), hydrogen radix aucklandiae lactone (dehydrocostus lactone, 2), rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae lactone Ⅰ(atractylenolide Ⅰ, 3), rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae lactone Ⅲ (atractylenolid Ⅲ, 4), formononetin (formononetin, 5), succinic acid (succinic acid, 6), limonin (limomin, 7), orange flavin (nobiletin, 8), 4', 5 proposal methoxyl yellow ketone (tetramethyl-o-isoscutellarein, 9). Conclusion: The 9 compounds were isolated from the party for the first time to get.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a method of fingerprint analysis on Roasted Malt Formula granules by HPLC. Method: The fingerprints chromatographic were obtained by HPLC with Megres5-C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) by gradient elution;the solvent system composed of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric.The wavelength was set at 316 nm, the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1 and the column temperature was maintained at 30℃. Result: The HPLC specific chromatogram of Roasted Malt Formula granules showed 9 common peaks. The methodological results were good. The similarity of ten batches of samples exceeded 0.88. Conclusion: The fingerprints chromatogram can realize the analysis of a formulas as a whole with supplies references for improving the quality control of Roasted Malt Formula granules.

Abstract:Objective: Compare characteristics of three kinds of THTPM(traditional human taste panel method) which is suitable for drugs bitter evaluation study. Method: As matrine a model drug, made into different concentration of aqueous solution. The training of qualified evaluators screened by 20 taste bitterness level,then make specific bitterness value.Three methods of evaluation of the sample were order evaluation methods, score evaluation method and integrated score evaluation method.After the data processing,comprehensive analysis of the four indicators integrate which was rate of right rank, decision sensitivity, precision of evaluate and fitting of degree. Result: Integrated score evaluation method whose rate of right rank was 100%,decision sensitivity was 96.4%,multiple correlation coefficient of Fitting Degree was 0.991 6 which is superior to other two methods through the three indicators.Moreover the score evaluation method was better than the other two methods in precision of evaluate. Conclusion: Integrated score evaluation method in the three methods of the tasting evaluation is the best though these four numbers of the indicators.But different experiment methods have its characteristics.Concrete tasting evaluation method is selected on the basic of the purpose of the experiment, the number of the sample and so on.

Abstract:Objective: To study the germplasm resources of Trichosanthes kirilowii. Method: The experiment was analyzed by using the technique of peroxidase(POD) isozyme. Result: The results show that obvious differences exist in the number of bands,Rf and amount of POD isozyme.The enzyme spectrum own 10 species, divided into five compartments. Ⅰ and Ⅴ are distantly related to other 3 species。Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ are closed to each other. Conclusion: POD isozyme patterns can be a useful marker for genetic diversity of T. kirilowii from different regions.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a HPLC method for determination the content of Peucedani Radix in different habitat and different harvest of the praeruptorin A and B, to provide a scientific basis for the quality evaluation and the reasonable utilization of resources. Method: The chromatographic column was Diamonsil C₁₈ (2) (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μ m), mobile phase of methanol-water (75:25), the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min^-1, the column temperature was 30℃, the detection wavelength was 321 nm,and Pd-Ia,Pd-Ib were used as the control. Result: The praeruptorin A and B have a good linear relationship between the concentration of 0.5-40 mg·L^-1, there are some differences between different habitat and different harvest of the praeruptorin A and B in Peucedani Radix. The coefficient of correlation for the regression equation were 1. Conclusion: The quality of Peucedani Radix in Jianxi Province was excellent, the quality was almost the same for wild and cultivated Peucedani Radix in Jianxi Province.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of seven neurotransmitters in mice brain tissue. Method: Mice brain tissue was weighed and homogenized with 4 times the amount of ice-cold 0.2% aqueous formic acid,then homogenates mixed with 0.2% formic acid-acetonitrile for protein precipitation,centrifugation,the supernatant was collected and mixed with internal standard solution,then the mixture was injected into LC-MS/MS system for assay.Chromatographic separation was performed on a TSK Gel amide 80 column (4.5 mm×150 mm,5 μm),column temperature 35℃,mobile phase of acetonitrile-6 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate solution(pH 5.50) (67.5:32.5),flow rate was 0.2 mL·min^-1,taking positive ion multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode for scanning.Reliability of LC-MS/MS was verified by animal tests,and effect of jujube pulp on mice neurotransmitters levels was investigated. Result: The minimum detection limit of dopamine(DA),epinephrine(E),norepinephrine(NE),5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),acetylcholine(Ach),γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),glutamate(Glu)were less than 0.1 μg·L^-1,precision RSD of them were 0.52%,0.71%,0.98%,0.35%,0.32%,0.46%,0.94%,respectively;Accuracy RSD of them were 0.67%,0.46%,0.53%,0.72%,0.48%,0.59%,0.82%,respectively.Compared with the blank group animal,after mice were given donepezil,acetylcholine levels in hippocampus and cortex were significantly increased;While scopolamine had opposite effects after administrated,the content of acetylcholine significantly decreased by comparing with the blank group.After oral administration with jujube pulp,neurotransmitters in mice brain tissue significantly changed,and variation was the same with estazolam. Conclusion: This LC-MS/MS analysis method could be applied to pharmacological mechanisms study of neuropsychiatric drugs.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate in vivo pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of curcumin nanosuspensions in rats. Method: The same dose of curcumin bulk drugs and curcumin nanosuspensions were orally administered to two groups of rats,After gavage 20,40 min,1,2,4,6,8,12,24 h,0.3 mL blood from retinal venous plexus was obtained to measure plasma curcumin concertration ny HPLC analysis,Xterra C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),C₁₈ pre-column(4.0 mm×2.0 mm),column temperature 35℃,mobile phase of methanol-1% acetic acid aqueous solution(78:22),flow rate 1.0 mL·min^-1,injection volume 20 μL.The lowest limit of quantitation of curcumin and other pharmacokinetic parameters of curcumin and curcumin nanosuspensions were determined. Result: Quantification limit of curcumin in plasma was 15 μg·L^-1(S/N>10),extraction recoveries of low,medium and high concentration were (91.3±5.7)%,(93.0±4.1)%,(93.3±5.2)%,respectively.Cmax and AUC of curcumin nanosuspensions were higher than that of curcumin bulk drugs,Cmax were (863.1±390.4),(91.8±22.9) μg·L^-1;Tmax of curcumin bulk drugs and curcumin nanosuspensions were (4.4±2.2) h and (4.8±4.4) h,t1/2 were (4.6±3.2) h and (5.4±3.7) h,there was no significant change of these two parameters. Conclusion: Established HPLC analysis was reliable and stable,curcumin nanosuspensions could significantly promote absorption of curcumin and improve its bioavailability,but no significant differences were found in both absorption and metabolic.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate in vivo absorption characteristics differences of menthol from Zhike Chuanbei Pipa dropping pills(ZCPDP) and two reference preparations in healthy volunteers oral mucosa. Method: The content of menthol was determined by GC,Agilent HP-1 column(0.25 mm×30 m,0.25 μm),column temperature 110℃,inlet temperature 250℃,detector temperature 250℃,with nitrogen as carrier gas,flow rate 0.80 mL·min^-1,injection volume 1 μL.Oral mucosal absorption amounts of menthol from three different preparations were determined by homemade oral mucosa in vivo absorption circulation equipment,and evaluated absorption characteristics of menthol from different preparations in healthy volunteers oral mucosa. Result: T_d,T₅₀ and permeability coefficient of ZCPDPwas (8.528±1.783),(4.734±0.406) min and (5.108±0.384) cm·min^-1,respectively;All of these parameters had significant differences from two kinds of reference preparations. Conclusion: This determination method was stable and feasible.Oral absorption rate of menthol was different in three preparations and it was related to release characteristics of different preparations,these results could provide a reference for clinical application of cough medicines.

Abstract:Objective: The mechanism of preventing ulcerative colitis associated carcinogenesis (UCAC) by Jianpi Qingre Huoxue decoction was discussed by observing the changes of β-catenin and T cell factor-4(TCF-4)in colon mucosa. Method: One hundred and twenty BALB/c rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal group, model group, positive control group,low dosage, mild dosage and high dosage groups of Jianpi Qingre Huoxue,20 rats in each group. Except normal group, the other groups were intraperitoneal injected with 0.4% dimethylhydrazine (DMH) 20 mg·kg^-1 by skin and peritoneal once a week. After intraperitoneal injection of DMH, those groups were given orally 3% dextran sulfacte sodium(DSS) for one week. The model group was treated with normal saline by intragastric administration for sixteen weeks. The positive control group was treated with mesalazine decoction for sixteen weeks. The intervention group was treated with different dosage of Jianpi Qingre Huoxuo decoction by intragastric administration for sixteen weeks. The colon histomorphology was assayed by naked eyes and light microscope. The ultra microstructure was checked by electron microscope. The expression of β-catenin and TCF-4 was detected by immunohistochemistry and western-blot and Real-time PCR. Result: The changes of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and partical carcinogenesis were found in model group by electron microscope,Meanwhile, a lot of epithelial cell of specimen size and arranged in disorder were found in colon mucosa of blank group, at same time,the irregular cell mucleus and the mucleolued of increasment and upward displacement appeared.However,the colon mucosa damage obviously improved in intervention group compared withmodel group. Colon mucosa is characterized by hyperemia and swelling by light microscope, small amout mild atypical hyperplasia and lymphoid follicle could be found, but the ulceration and carcinogenesis could not be found. By electron microscope,epithelial cell became smaller,at the same time,condensation of the nuclear chromatin,shrinkage and nucleus membrane and apoptofic bodies were found in intervention groups. The colonic mucosa damage was improved obiviously in intervention groups, compared with the black group (P<0.05).The expression of β-catenin and TCF-4 was increased in model group, meanwhile, the expression of β-catenin and TCF-4 was declined in intervention groups, compared with the model group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Jianpi Qingre Huoxue decoction may exert a preventing effect on ulcerative colitis associated carcinogenesis through promoting inflammation laxation,inducing cell apoptosis, regulating the expression of β-catenin and TCF-4.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the hypoglycemiceffect of extract from Tibetan medicine Berberis dictyophlla Cortex on postprandial blood glucose (PBG), protection against oxidative stress, protection function on blood vessels in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin(STZ)and to explore the mechanism. Method: The type 2 diabetic rat model was established by ip injection of STZ (40 mg·kg^-1) on SD rats and the rats were fed with high sugar and high fat for 5 months.Then, the rats were divided into 8 groups and administered. During the experiment, the body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured. After 30 days of administration, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide(NO), cell adhesion molecule(ICAM-1), angiotensin(ANGⅡ), and other blood biochemical indexes were measured. Result: The B. dictyophlla cortex could reduce significantly the level of fasting blood glucose,ICAM-1 and ANGⅡexpression. The retinas were taken and observed by histopathological analysis, the tissue injury attenuated compared with the model group. The contents of SOD in serum of group were higher while MDA was lower than the model group. Conclusion: DR of B. dictyophlla cortex group was obviously better compared with the model group. The extract of B. dictyophlla cortex can improve effectively retinopathy of the rats, relieve the degree and development of DR and regulate function in the whole. All in all, Berberis Cortex showed the effect of prevention and therapy of DR.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of tetramethylpyrazinee(TMP) on angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the underlying mechanisms. Method: Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model was established in isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. The cells were then randomly divided into 6 groups:control group, Ang Ⅱ (0.1 μmol·L^-1) group, low-dose TMP (0.01 mmol·L^-1) group, middle-dose TMP (0.1 mmol·L^-1) group, high-dose TMP (1 mmol·L^-1) group, pyrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC, a NF-κB inhibitor, 100 μmol·L^-1) group. After 24 h treatment, cardiomyocytes were harvested to measure total protein content by Lowry's method, β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) mRNA expression by Real-time PCR, and NF-κB content by Western blotting. Result: Ang Ⅱ induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy characterized by increased total protein content [Ang Ⅱ groupg(296.7±27.6) mg·L^-1;control group(184.3±11.6) mg L^-1,P<0.05]·L^-1;control group(184.3±11.6) mg·L^-1,P<0.05] and enhanced β-MHC mRNA expression (Ang Ⅱ group 0.936±0.059;control group 0.496±0.030,P<0.05), while TMP significantly inhibited Ang Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic growth in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, TMP (1 mmol·L^-1) also attenuated Ang Ⅱ-induced increase in phosphorylated NF-κB (Ang Ⅱ group 0.861±0.065;TMP group 0.655±0.052,P<0.05) and I-κB protein content (Ang Ⅱ group 0.785±0.042;TMP group 0.525±0.045,P<0.05) in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of NF-κB by the specific inhibitor PDTC markedly suppressed Ang Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic responses. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that TMP inhibits Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through suppression of NF-κB pathway, which might contribute to the protective role of TMP in cardiac diseases.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the effects of coadministration of berberine and evodiamine on cell growth, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin(IL)-8 levels of gastric cancer cells(AGS) cells. Method: The inhibitory effect of coadministration of berberine and evodiamine on AGS cell growth was measured by MTT method. Cell cycle distributions were measured by flow cytometry. TNF-α and IL-8 contents were measured by ELISA method. Result: Coadministration of berberine (15 μmol·L^-1) and evodiamine (45 μmol·L^-1) triggered weaker inhibitory effect on the proliferation of AGS cells than that achieved by evodiamine alone, coadministration of berberine (83 μmol·L^-1) and evodiamine (1.4 μmol·L^-1) obtained slightly better inhibitory effect on the proliferation of AGS cells than that of berberine or evodiamine alone, however, their co-administration did not obtain better cell cycle arrest than berberine or evodiamine alone. Further studies showed that, co-administration of berberine (83 μmol·L^-1) and evodiamine (1.4 μmol·L^-1) induced the increase of TNF-α level in AGS cell culture supernatant which was superior to that triggered by usage of the two drugs alone. Berberine reduced IL-8 contents in the AGS cell culture supernatant but without significance difference, while, evodiamine could significantly enhance the IL-8 contents in AGS cells culture supernatant. Then their coadministration could significantly reduce the IL-8 levels in the AGS cell culture supernatant. Conclusion: Different doses of berberine and evodiamine combination can result in different effect on the proliferation of AGS cells. And berberine could inhibit the increase of IL-8 induced by evodiamine.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the effect of polysaccharide from Spriulnia platensis(PSP)on expression of epidermal growth factor(EGF) and EGF receptor(EGFR) in mucosa of experimental rats with gastric ulcer, and to study the possible mechanism for therapy of stomach ulcer. Method: The gastric ulcer in rats was induced by acetic acid burning and treated with low and high dose of PSP separately for 15 days, the gastric mucosal thickness and muscularis mucosa defect were observed by HE staining, and the expression of EGF and EGFR were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Result: The ulcer in treatment group healed well compared with model group and control group, high dose of PSP could promote the healing of gastric ulcer, reduce muscularis mucosa defect significantly (P<0.01), increased the expression of EGF and EGFR observably. Conclusion: There is evident therapeutic effect of PSP on the experimental gastric ulcer in rats, and its mechanism might be related to the increasing EGF and EGFR protein expression.

Abstract:Objective: To observe the effects of Naoqing Penbi Weiru on the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) and ultrastructure of cortex endothelial cells after acute ischemic stroke. Method: The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established using self-embolus method. After screening,the male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group,the model group,the Naoqing Penbi Weiru group and gived drug intervention. Naoqing Penbi Weiru group nasal drip with Naoqing Penbi Weiru 0.19 mL·kg^-1(amount to contain muscone 0.011 mg·kg^-1), three times one day. Control group and model group nasal drip with equivalent normal saline at the same time. Every group detected the permeability of nerve function by the Bederson's score, the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) by the Evans blue dye (EB dye), watch the ultrastructure of Cortex endothelial cells in ischemic region by electron microscopy, Zonula occludins protins-1(ZO-1),laminin(LN) and Aquaporin Protein-4(AQP-4)by western-blot. Result: Compared with the same phase control group, in the model group, the Bederson's score, the EB dye and the protein of AQP-4 significantly improved(P<0.05). The protein of ZO-1 and LN were significantly lower(P<0.05). Neurons and endothelial cell morphology were worse than the control group.Compared with the same phase model group, in the Naoqing Penbi Weiru group, the Bederson's score, the EB dye and the protein of AQP-4 significantly decreased(P<0.05). The protein of ZO-1 and LN were significantly higher(P<0.05). Neurons and endothelial cell morphology were better than the modol group. With the same group but at different time points compared, in the Naoqing Penbi Weiru group, Bederson's score, the Evans Blue dye (EB dye) and the protein of AQP-4 gradually decreased(P<0.05),the protein of ZO-1 were gradually higher(P<0.05) and the protein of Laminin were gradually higher(P<0.05)at 3 day. Neurons and endothelial edema were the most serious at 1 day. At 7 day, degeneration and necrosis of neurons was the most and basement membrane and organelle of endothelial cell defects most serious. Conclusion: Naoqing Penbi Weiru group can adjust BBB permeability, protect the integrity of BBB structure and function, reduce the apoptosis of neurons,reduce the damage of reversible neurons and promote the recovery of neurological function by regulating and controling the main protein AQP-4, LN and ZO-1 in the three layer structure of BBB.

Abstract:Objective: To discuss the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of Xiangfuyou Diwan (XYD) and its material basis, and to provide basis for its application in gynecological dysmenorrhea disease. Method: Carrageenan-induced mouse footpad edema, xylene-induced mouse ear edema and acetic acid-induced increased mouse vascular permeability were used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of XYD. And its analgesic activity was evaluated in mouse models of pain induced by acetic acid and thermal stimulus. The above activities were compared with those of Aspirin and Sizhi Xiangfu Wan. Meanwhile, high performance liquid chromatography was used to explore its material basis by assaying the transitional ingredients in rat blood after administered orally with XYD. Result: XYD significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced footpad edema and xylene-induced ear edema at the doses of 100, 200 mg·kg^-1 after oral administration for 5 days. Meanwhile, XYD markedly reduced acetic acid-induced dye leakage from vascular. On the other hand, XYD remarkably suppressed acetic acid-induced writhing response at low, moderate and high doses, and significantly prolonged pain threshold in hot plate assay at moderate and high doses. Overall, its potency was similar to that of Aspirin and Sizhi Xiangfu Wan. Above all, as the main transitional ingredient in XYD, α-cyperone was detected in medicinal serum. Conclusion: XYD has significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, and its main material basis may be α-cyperone.

Abstract:Objective: To discuss the curative effect and action mechanism of Sinisan Jiawei flavored in treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Method: Eighty Wister rats were randomly divided into eight groups:normal group;model group;Sinisan group(4.0 g·kg^-1);high dose group, mediate dose group and low dose group (14,7,3.5 g·kg^-1) and prevention group(7 g·kg^-1) of supplemental Sinisan;colchicine group(0.2 mg·kg^-1). Except the norrmal groups,all the other groups were given pig serum to induce liver fibrosis twice a week, 0.5 mL/per rat for 10 weeks. By RT-PCR and immunohistochemical S-P method were used to monitor liver tissue transforming growth factor β₁(TGF-β₁) and its receptor gene and protein expression. Result: After treatment of Sinisan Jiawei flavored the rats liver tissue TGF beta 1 and its receptor gene and protein expression significantly lower (P<0.01)compared with the model group compared.Compared with colchicine group, the TGF-β₁ and its receptor gene and protein expression lowered more significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion: The action mechanism of Sinisan Jiawei flavored in treatment of hepatic fibrosis may reduce liver tissue TGF-β₁ and TGFR expression.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the protective effects of lycopene against rotenone-induced mitochondrial damage in PC12 cells. Method: All the experiments were carried out with PC12 in vitro,which were divided into 5 group,control,model(0.5 μmol·L^-1),lycopene(3,10,30 μmol·L^-1) preincubation.Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay;inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe the cell morphological was;the ultrastructural changes of neuronal mitochondria were viewed under transmission electron microscope.The flow cytometry was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP). Result: CCK-8 assay showed that rotenone had cytotoxicity in PC12 cells,compared with the cells in the control group,cell viability was declined to 70.34%±2.81%(P<0.05), the pre-treatment of lycopene(3,10,30 μmol·L^-1) could significantly increase the PCI2 cell viability, cell viability was increased to 83.09%±3.15%,87.24%±2.15%,89.17%±2.26%(P<0.05). Compared with the cells in the model group,the number and morphology of neuronal mitochondria changed distinctly in the lycopene pretreated cells. Compared with the cells in the model group,the pre-treatment of lycopene(3,10,30 μmol·L^-1)increased mean fluorescence intensity of mitochondrial membrane potential to 202.24±26.28,226.21±9.71,238.83±10.29 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Lycopene can exert protective effects against rotenone-induced mitochondrial damage in PC12 cells.

Abstract:Objective: The gene-chip technology was used to detect effect of Xiaoliu Baofei pill on tumor metastasis-associated gene expression. Method: The serum containing Xiaoliu Baofei pills in vitro was used to observe PG cells tumor metastasis-associated gene expression. Result: Compared with the treatment group PG cells in the blank group upregulated the expressionof more than 30 genes, including cell cycle genes,cell adhesion genes,cell growth and proliferation genes,apoptosis genes,transshipment,and control genes,matrix metalloproteinase protein and other metastasis-related genes. No down-regulated genes were found. Conclusion: Regulation of Xiaoliu Baofei pill on lung cancer metastasis is a multi-level and multi-targeted.

Abstract:Objective: To study the effect of the Chinese medicinethat Jianpi Yiqi Huoxue decoction on angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2)-angiotensin (1-7)[Ang(1-7)]-MAS-protein kinase B(AKT)signal pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). Method: Sixty 24-week-old SHRs were randomly divided into six groups:SHR group (distilled water), perindopril group (perindopril 0.4 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), perindopril plus herb group (perindopril 0.4 mg·kg^-1·d^-1+10 g·kg^-1·d^-1of herb), high, medium and low herb group (40,20,10 g·kg^-1·d^-1). And Wistar kyoto rats(WKY) group. The changes of systolic pressure were measured by BP-98A intelligent sphygmomanometer. After six weeks' treatment, the content of Ang(1-7), ACE2, MAS, AKT was determined. Result: The systolic pressure in the perindopril group and the perindopril plus herb group was prominently decreased, compared with SHR group (P<0.01). The content of Ang(1-7), ACE2, MAS, AKT in the SHR group was lower than those in the WKY group, the perindopril group, the perindopril plus herb group, and the high dose of herb groups(P<0.01). Conclusion: Jianpi Yiqi Huoxue decoction can promote endothelial vasomotor factors secretion through the ACE2-Ang (l-7)-MAS-AKT signaling pathway.

Abstract:Objective: To explore the pathomorphological changes of myocardial of rats with acute myocardial infarction and the interfering effects of Xuemaitong capsule(XMT). Method: The Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups, the model group, the sham operation group, the three difference dose groups of XMT preconditioning. The model rats were treated by continuous 14 days intragastric administration. After 14 days, except the sham operation, myocardial infarction of the other groups were established by ligation of coronary artery.Before and after ligation, electrocardiogram were recorded in 5,30,60,90, 120 minutes, 24 hours;pathomorphological change were checked by HE staining. Result: Compared with the high dose, in middle dose and low dose group, the J point were decreased. Pathological alteration of myocardial infarction showed that myocardial endometrial focal disordered arrangement, muscle cells swelling or necrosis, adventitia focal necrosis, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Compared high and middle groups to model group, the pathomorphological change were slightly among high and middle groups. By semi-quantitative, the pathomorphological changes proved to be true (P<0.05). Conclusion: XMT has important protective function for acute myocardial infarction.

Abstract:Objective: To observe influence of matrine on sodium channel current(I_Na)of ventricle muscle cells in guinea pigs and to discuss its antiarrhythmic mechanism. Method: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group, aconitine group and matrine group. Each group included eight cases. Aconitine group was treated with 50 μmol·L^-1 aconitine perfusion 10 min while matrine group was treated with 10,50,100 μmol·L^-1 matrine based on aconitine group. The whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record I_Nacurrent of single ventricle muscle cell and then to design figures of I_Na current density. Result: Aconitine(50 μmol·L^-1) could significantly amplify I_Na current(-92.62±6.5) pA/pF (compared with control group(-66.24±4.8,P<0.05). Based on aconitine-induced arrhythmia, matrine(10 μmol·L^-1) had no significant effects on I_Na current,however, matrine(50 μmol·L^-1) could significantly reduce I_Na current(-49.21±5.1) pA/pF (compared with aconitine group, P<0.05),but when the dose of matrine was kept increasing, the effect of reducing I_Na current of matrine were getting weak, and at the level of 100 μmol·L^-1, matrine could slightly amplify I_Na current (compared with control group, P>0.05). Conclusion: Matrine could restrict I_Na current in dose-dependent manner, and high dose of matrine could make this effect of restriction weak, so matrine has a two-way, modest and lasting regulation effect which probably was one of its antiarrhythmic mechanisms.

Abstract:Objective: To study the effect of Shenxiong Huayu capsules on growth associated protein 43(GAP-43) and nerve growth factor receptor(P75NTR) expression after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in hippocampus. Method: Adult male SD rats (n=72) were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham group, model group (I/R) and Shenxiong Huayu capsule group,24 rats in each group and was divided into 3 subgroups:3, 7, 14 day. The model of global ischemia-reperfusion was formed by improved Pulsinelli's 4-vessel occlusion method. The behavior abilities of learning and memory were observed by using Morris water maze. Morphological changes were observed by HE staining in 3, 7, 14 day after injury. Immunohistochemistry method was applied to observe the expression of GAP-43.Western-blotting method was used to detect the protein content of GAP-43 and P75NTR. Result: Compared with normal control group, the learning and memory abilities of rats in model group were significantly declined (P<0.05). The ability of learning and memory of the rats were improved after treated by Shenxiong Huayu capsules (P<0.05).The time of escaping latency was shortened than model group. Compared with normal control group, model group's neuronal morphous was damaged. Survival cells were declined. Compared with model group, Shenxiong Huayu capsules group had more normal cells in hippocampus (P<0.05). In model group, the expression of GAP-43 was increased from the third day (P<0.05) and declined on the 14th day;compared with model group, the expression of GAP-43 was increased significantly in Shenxiong Huayu capsules group on every time point (P<0.05).In model group, the protein contain of P75NTR was increased from the third day(P<0.05)and declined on the 14th day. Compared with model group, the protein contain of P75NTR was increased significantly in Shenxiong Huayu capsules group on every time point(P<0.05). Conclusion: Shenxiong Huayu capsules have heightened the expression of GAP-43 and P75NTR on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in hippocampus.

Abstract:Objective: To study Sinisan on intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesionmolecule-1(VCAM-1) in experimental (UC) rats. Method: The animals were divided into 5 groups, including the normal group, model group, Sini powder group, Chaishaozhi group and Chaishao group. The antigen emulsion made by fresh rabbit colonic mucosa were injected into the rats' bilateral paws, groins and backs in 1st, 10th, 17th, 24th day to induce model. The normal group and model group were given with 10 mL·kg^-1 distilled water;and Sinisan group was treated with 1.75 g·kg^-1 Sinisan solution;and Chaishaozhi group was treated with Chaishaozhi 1.31 g·kg^-1 Chaishaozhi solution;and Chaishao group was treated with with 0.88 g·kg^-1 Chaishao solution. On the 29th day, the rats were sacrificed and drawn. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were detected with ELISA. Result: ICAM-1 levels in blood of model group(64.60±4.81)μg·L^-1 were higher than normal group(42.35±3.02)μg·L^-1,P<0.05, and VCAM-1 levels(0.29±0.01)μg·L^-1 higher than normal(0.20±0.02)μg·L^-1,P<0.05.VCAM-1 levels in colon mucosal tissue of model group(1.82±0.19)μg·mg^-1 higher than normal group(1.29±0.10)μg·mg^-1,P<0.05.Sini san could significantly reduce ICAM-1(53.87±2.60)μg·L^-1, VCAM-1(0.22±0.01)μg·L^-1 levels in blood,and VCAM-1(1.41±0.08)μg·mg^-1in colon mucosal tissue, P<0.05. Conclusion: The mechanism of intervening experimental UC by Sinisan is related to the balance of cytokine network.

Abstract:Objective: To observe the effect of Miao medicine Tongqiao Huashuan decoction on brain tissue ultrastructure of bolt in rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injurys. Method: SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (Tongqiao Huashuan decoction high dosage group, middle dose group,low dose group, model group,sham operation group).The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)was used to establish focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. The corresponding Tongqiao Huashuan decoction (17.50,8.75,4.35 g·kg^-1·d^-1),saline gavage were given for 15 days. The brain tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and ultrastructure of brain tissue were observed. Result: Compared with the sham operation group, MDA in model group was significantly increased, SOD activity was significantly decreased (P<0.05);compared with the model group, Tongqiao Huashuan decoction reduced the MDA content in brain tissues, increased the activity of SOD (P<0.01). Tongqiao Huashuan decoction could reduce the damage of brain tissue after cell apoptosis. Conclusion: High doses of Tongqiao Huashuan decoction could obviously alleviate the degeneration and necrosis of nerve cells and reduce apoptosis,its mechanism may be related to eliminate free radicals.

Abstract:Objective: To study and compare the bactericidal activity of the polypeptide M17, P26 and N_1-11 which derives from hunman group ⅡA phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂, phospholipase A₂) in vitro. Method: Peptide M 17(p_51-67), P26 (p_99-124), N_{1– 11} (p_1-11) were synthesized according to the sequence of human GroupⅡA PLA₂ amino acid. Six species of bacterial, Gram positive(G⁺) Staphy 1ococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, Gram negative(G^-) Escherichia coli , Acinetobacter baumannii, Bacillus pyocyaneus , were incubated with different concentration of polypeptides at 37℃ for 2.5 hours in a water bath respectively. Then the reaction solution was diluted and agar plates were poured. After 18-24 hours incubation in the thermostated container at 37℃.The colony formed units were counted and the bactericida1 rates were calculated. Result: Regression equation of PLA₂M17 bactericidal activity on the G⁺ bacteria(lococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium) were Y=1.464X+3.795(ED₅₀ 6.65 mg·L^-1),Y=1.152X+3.419(ED₅₀ 23.57 mg·L^-1), Y=0.836X+3.832 (ED₅₀ 24.95 mg·L^-1). Regression equation of M17 bactericidal activity on the G^-bacteria (E. coli , A. baumannii, B. pyocyaneus)were Y=0.877X+4.054(ED₅₀ 12.00 mg·L^-1),Y=1.094X+3.371(ED₅₀ 30.83 mg·L^-1),Y=1.027X+3.626(ED₅₀ 21.77 mg·L^-1). PLA₂M17 possessed potent bactericidal activity on the G⁺ bacteria and G^-bacteria.Regression equation of N_1-11 and P26 bactericidal activity on B. subtilis were Y=0.915X+2.766(ED₅₀ 276.39 mg·L^-1),Y=1.389X+1.668(ED₅₀ 250.52 mg·L^-1). Regression equation of N_1-11 and P26 bactericidal activity on E. coli were Y=1.327X+1.437(ED₅₀ 484.18 mg·L^-1), Y=0.881X+2.903(ED₅₀ 240.02 mg·L^-1).N_1-11 and P26 possessed strong bactericidal activity of G⁺ bacteria, but weaker activity of G^- bacteria. M17 possessed stronger bactericidal activity than N_1-11 and P26 on B. subtilis and E. coli. Conclusion: Peptide M17 derived from human Ⅱ type A PLA₂ highly conserve region possesses a strong bactericidal activity, this may be related to the M17 peptide molecules more easily binding to bacteria.

Abstract:Objective: To observe Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase activity of esophageal mucosa in reflux esophagitis(RE) rats, and to investigate the fundamental pathogenesis of RE and the therapeutic mechanism in treating RE with Xuanfu Daizhe decoction. Method: Ninty six male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups:sham operation group, model group, Xuanfu Daizhe decoction high, middle and low dose group (24,12,6 g·kg^-1)and western medicine (OME 10 mg·kg^-1 plus Mosapride 2 mg·kg^-1) group, 16 rats each group. Esophagus-duodenum anastomosis was used to establish rat RE model. From 3 days after operation, NS was given to the sham operation group rats and model group rats by gavage feeding;Xuanfu Daizhe decoction and western medicine (OME 10 mg·kg^-1 plus mosapride 2 mg·kg^-1) was given to the medicine treated groups, and execute all rats in the 8^th day, then observe mucous gross change of lower esophagus with eyes and optical microscope. At last, detect the expression of enzymatic activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATP and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP by chemical methods. Result: Compared with sham operation group, the mortality of the model group was higher;the pathological changes and score were increased;the Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase of esophageal mucosa were decreased. The mortality of the high and middle dose group of Xuanfu Daizhe decocton treated group was decreased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05). The rats weight of Xuanfu Daizhe decoction treated group were increased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05). The pathological changes and score were all reduced in Xuanfu Daizhe decoction high and middle dose group(P<0.01);both Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase of esophageal mucosa were increased in Xuanfu Daizhe decoction high and middle dose group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Xuanfu Daizhe decoction could increase the activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATPase, and protects the cellular integrity of esophageal mucosa, reducing the esophageal mucosal injury of RE.

Abstract:Objective: To study the neuroprotection of licorice flavonoids on dopamine (DA) neurons and the influence of microglia activation of the substantia nigra compact (SNc) in the mice with Parkinson's disease (PD). Method: The PD mouse models were established by 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine;1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) and the mice were randomly divided into 6 group:control group, model group, levodopa group(40 mg·kg^-1), 10,20,30 mg·kg^-1 licorice flavonoids group. The drugs were intragastrically perfused to the mice daily for 7 consecutive times.The number of OX-6 immunoreactive cells and DA neurons in the SNc, and the expression level of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in ventral midbrain were studied by immunohistochemical analysis and Western blot, and behavior changes were notied after levodopa or licorice flavonoids treatment. Result: Compared with control mice, the PD mice had the typical behaviors of PD, and the number of DA neurons in SNc and the level of TH in ventral midbrain decreased by about 62% and 76%. Meanwhile the number of the OX-6-positive cells in SNc increased markedly(P<0.01). After administered by licorice flavonoids, behavioral symptoms, reduction of DA neurons and increase of OX-6 positive cells in SNc were improved by licorice flavonoids. Especially in 30 mg·kg^-1 licorice flavonoids group, those mice with PD had slight behavioral symptoms, and the number of DA neurons in SNc and the expression level of TH in ventral midbrain declined by only about 36% and 42% in compared with the control. Compared with those PD mice without licorice flavonoids, the number of the OX-6 positive cells in the SNc of 30 mg·kg^-1 licorice flavonoids group was obviously down-regulated(P<0.01). Compared with those in the levodopa group, the increasing of the number of DA neurons and the decreasing of the number of OX-6 positive cells in 30 mg·kg^-1 licorice flavonoids group were significant(P<0.01). Conclusion: These results indicated the neuroprotection effect of licorice flavonoids on DA neurons of SNc in PD mice, and the inhibition of the microglia activation by licorice flavonoids might be responsible for it.

Abstract:Objective: The research that the juvenile male rats reproductive damage and injury fertility was impacted by glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii (GWP) and its protection role Bushen Chinese herbs (Cuscutae Semen flavone, Liuwei Dihuang wan). Method: The first part of reproductive damage and histopathological study group:3-4 week-old SD 48 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group, GTW, Liuwei Dihuang Wan group,Cuscutae Semen flavone group.After 12 weeks, rats were sacrificed,testicle, epididymis immediately weighed to calculate the viscera index, weighed and placed in fixative save, morphological changes of testicular tissue to be seen;part Ⅱ:cage all rats fed one per cage, an adult female rats were placed in accordance with the ratio of 1:1.Three times in the same cage, each co-cage time is 15 days, the pregnancy rate of mated females observed after pups weaning survival, growth and development of offspring. Result: GTW can make testicular germ cell swelling and degeneration,can make spermatogonia, spermatocytes, sperm cells decreased significantly. Cuscutae Semen flavone, Liuwei Dihuang wan can significantly reduce this damage;after 12 weeks with GWP fed male pups:weight, testicular weight, testicular index, epididymal weight, epididymal index indicators blank group comparison showed no significant difference. Each mated conception rates, weaning survival, growth and development of the pups in each group comparison showed no significant difference. Conclusion: GTW damage to the reproductive system is reversible;pathological damage to reproductive organs can be restored;Bushen Chinese herbs can fight TWP caused reproductive damage;no effect on the fertility of the late cubs growth and development is not impact.

Abstract:Objective: To explore the effect of Dachengqi tang on liver apoptosis induced Fas-associated death domain (FADD) in acute hepatic failure rats. Method: Forty Wistar rats were randomLy divided into 4 groups:normal group(group A), model group(group B),treatment group of Dachengqi tang at low dose(group C), treatment group at high dose(group D).There were 10 rats in every group. The level of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) was measured,Hepatic FADD,tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1(TNFR1) and Caspase-8 activities were examined,liver cell apoptosis was observed.Liver pathology was observed. Result: Thioacetamide (TAA) could induce acute hepatic failure,with extensive liver apoptosis, the expression of FADD,TNFR1 and Caspase-8 were significantly increased in TAA model group.Compared with group B.the percentage of liver cell apoptosis was decreased in C,D groups, the pathology change of liver was decreased in C,D groups,the level of TNF-α was decreased in C,D groups.The expression of FADD,TNFR1 and Caspase-8 were decreased in C,D groups. Conclusion: Dachengqi tang can prevent and cure liver apoptosis, it may be related to depress rhe liver apoptosis induced FADD.

Abstract:Objective: Explore the biological mechanisms of the premature ovarian failure in rats by curing with Dingjing decoction. Method: Ninty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal groups, model groups and Dingjing decoction groups;biomolecules which associated with premature ovarian failure:β-endorphin(β-EP), interleukin-1(IL-1),nitric oxide synthase(NOS),nitric oxide synthase(NO), estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR), gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH), corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), luteinizing hormone(LH), estradiol(E₂₎, progesterone(P), adrenocor ticotropic hormore(ACTH) and cortisol(CORT)were detected. Regulation relations of biological molecules were explored in curing by Dingjing decoction based on factor analysis. And to explore the key biomolecules in premature ovarian failure by curing with Dingjing decoction. Result: The master regulatory factor mainly contains 4 pituitary-ovarian axis biomolecules, pituitary-adrenal axis biomolecule CORT and parts of hypothalamus biomolecules in curing state by Dingjing decoction. And IL-1 is common biomolecules in the hypothalamus part of the curing state's first and second common factor. Conclusion: On the one hand, Dingjing decoction can adjust the pituitary-adrenal axis molecules directly, on the other hand, it can indirectly adjust the pituitary-adrenal axis molecules by hypothalamus. Among the factors, the molecules IL-1 play a pivotal role.

Abstract:Objective: To establish an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of Cochinchinenin A (CA). Method: Cochinchinenin A-4'-Carboxymethyl ether (CA-4'-CME) was synthesized as hapten. The hapten was attached to Bovine serum albumin(BSA) and ovalbumin(OVA) as artificial antigen by carbodimide method. Anti-CA polyclonal antibody was obtained from mice which were immunized with CA-BSA. A method of the indirect competitive ELISA for CA was established, and the analytical performance of this method was evaluated. Result: The conjugation molar ratio of CA to BSA and OVA were 18:1 and 24:1, respectively, calculated by UV spectrophotometry. The highest titer of Anti-CA sera was 12 000.Standard curve of CA was fitted by four-parameter logistic equation. In the analysis range of 0-0.80 mg·L^-1, the correlation coefficient was larger than 0.99.The IC₅₀ and LOD of the method were 0.66 mg·L^-1 and 0.045 mg·L^-1, respectively. The intra and inter assay precisions were less than 12.5% and 14.7% respectively. And recoveries ranged from 92.7%-118.7% in typical matrixes. The cross-reactivities of five structural analogues of CA were less than 5.38%. Detected by this method, the mass proportion of CA in Chinese Dragon's blood and total flavonoids of Chinese Dragon's blood were 1.27%, 3.08% respectively. Conclusion: Indirect competitive ELISA for the determination of CA,with its high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, can be conveniently used in drug testing and analysis.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the intervention effect and potential mechanism of Qingre Huashi decoction(QHD) for preventing the onset of colon cancer by observing SGC-7901 cell proliferation and apoptosis along with the expression of CD14 gene, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta. Method: SGC-7901 cells were divided into control group, intervention group. In vitro, the control group was offered fetal calf serum. The intervention group was fed with serum containing QHD for 5%,10%,15%,20%,30%. The multiplication, proliferation and apoptosis of SGC-7901 cell were detected by MTT and flow cytometry respectively. The expression of CD14, TNF-α and IL-1β gene was assayed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Result: Compared with control group, the survival of SGC-7901 cell was decreased in QHD group(P<0.05). In QHD group, the cells in G₀/G₁ phase were increased but the S phase cell was on the decline. Those changes were correlated with the culturing content. There is a significant difference between QHD group and control group in those changes as mentioned above(P<0.05). Especially, the effect of middle concentration serum containing QHD on inducing cell apoptosis and down regulating the expression of CD14, TNF-α, IL-1β was obvious (P<0.05). Conclusion: QHD exerts a distinct effect on preventing the onset of colon cancer by mediating SGC-7901 cell S time, cell composition and regulating the expression of CD14, TNF-α and IL-1β and inducing cell apoptosis.

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the effect of Mongolian medicine ‘Lianqiao-4 Ingredient Soup Powder' on the acute liver injury of rats caused by pylorus ligation. Method: Model of acute liver injury was induced by using pylorus ligation. After making model of 16 h indexes of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), nitric oxide(NO), nitric oxide composite enzyme(NOS), cholinesterase(CHE), urea nitrogen(URE), total cholesterol(CHO), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)in serum, liver index and pepsin in the stomach homogenate in the normal group, model group, Mongolian medicine ‘Lianqiao-4 Ingredient Soup Powder' low, middle, high dose groups(1.3, 2.6, 3.9 g·kg^-1)were determined respectively. Result: Compared with normal group, serum AST, ALT, BUN, NOS in the model group were increased significantly (all P<0.01);CHE, NO decreased significantly (P<0.05);MAO, CHO, TG, LDL-C level, liver index and activity of pepsin increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with model group, AST, ALT, NOS, MAO, CHO, TG, LDL-C level, liver index and activity of pepsin in the high dose group of treatment were decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01 respectively), CHE and NO increased significantly (P<0.05). Low dose showed some influences for all indexes, but without significant difference compared with model group. Conclusion: Significant protective action of Mongolian medicine 'Lianqiao-4 Ingredient Soup Powder' on the acute liver injury was found. And taking various elements into the comprehensive consideration, the middle dose group was the best.

Abstract:Objective: To investigated the preventive and therapeutic effects of Danggui Sini decoction (DSD) on oxaliplatin induced chronic chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) by observing the pain response of rats, the expression of NR2B mRNA level. Method: Fifty-two adult female Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups:blank control group, model control group, positive control group of mecobalamin (104 μg·kg^-1), DSD group of (5.59,22.36 g·kg^-1). Animal model of chronic CIPN was induced by oxaliplatin (4 mg·kg^-1, ip, twice a week for 8 times), rats were pretreated by DSD (ig, daily) and mecobalamin (ip, twice in a week) from 7 days before making models and continued for 50 days after modeling. The body weight (every three days) and MWT (weekly) of rats were measured. The expression of NR2B mRNA in L2-4 spinal sample was tested by Q-PCR. Result: Rat weights in DSD groups were significantly higher than those in model and positive control group after day 40th (P<0.01). Comparing to the model group, there were significant increasing on MWT in both DSD and mecobalamin groups (P<0.05). The significant decrease of NR2B mRNA and the increase of pNF-H were spotted in tissue samples from DSD group, compared with those in the model group, however, the changes on NR2B and pNF-H was not obvious in mecobalamin group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The chronic CIPN in rats could be alleviated by treatment of DSD by decreasing the expression of NR2B mRNA in L2-4 spine. Hence, treatment of DSD could be a potential alternative therapy for chronic CIPN.

Abstract:Objective: To establish a mice model of mammary gland hyperplasia, to observe the effects of Ruluotong on estradiol (E₂), progesterone (P), visceral index,and pathologic changes of breast tissue in mammary gland of the model mice, and to study the mechanism of the actions. Method: Female mice were divided into blank control group,model control group,Ruluotong capsules high, midlle and low doses group (0.6,0.3,0.15 g·kg^-1),Rukang tables group(0.53 g·kg^-1). Model of mammary glands hyperplasia in mice was established by taking estradiol benzoate and progesterone. The treatment groups were given with different doses of Ruluotong capsules and Rukang pills for thirty days. The contents of E₂, P of serum and visceral index were determined,pathologic changes of breast tissue were observed. Result: Ruluotong high,medlle and low doses could significantly decrease E₂ level(P<0.01) of model serum and increase the P content of serum(P<0.05). Thymus index in the high dose group was markedly(P<0.01)and womb index was significantly increased(P<0.01). Pathomorphological investigation showed three doses of Ruluotong could significantly reduce lobular breast density and alveolar surface area(P<0.01),and increase lobular interstitial density(P<0.01). Pathological changes were mitigated by the capsules,with inhibition of mammary lobular hyperplasia,showing shrink in lobular size,narrowed acinar and duct. Conclusion: Ruluotong capsules can improve the pathological changes of the mammary gland hyperplasia by regulating proliferation of breast estrogen levels in mice to inhibit mammary gland hyperplasia of mice induced by estrogen effectively.

Abstract:Objective: To observe Chuanhuning injection (CHN)-induced renal toxicity on mice and the cytotoxicity on HK-2 cells. Method: Fifty ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control, positive control group (treated with Gentamycin), CHN 150, 1 000, 2 000 mg·kg^-1 groups, with 10 mice in each group. Mice in CHN groups were iv given CHN 150, 1 000, 2 000 mg·kg^-1 by tail vein, once daily, for 7 d. The body weight, renal index, serum urea nitrogen and creatinine were assessed, and histopathological changes in renal tissues were detected. The proliferation inhibition of HK-2 cells was determined by MTT assay after different concentration of CHN treatment. The morphological changes of apoptotic cells were observed by the Acridine orange fluorescent staining. Annexin V/PI double staining was utilized to detect the cell apoptosis produced by CHN. Result: Compared with normal control group, serum creatinine in positive control group increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with positive control group, renal index, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations in CHN 2 000 mg·kg^-1 group increased with significantly statistical difference (P<0.05). Meanwhile, in this group exhibited cloudy swelling even necrosis in proximal convoluted tubules, some minerals deposition in some tubules and extension in section of tubules. CHN suppressed HK-2 cells growth and proliferation within the concentration ranging from 0.9-3.5 mmol·L^-1. Fluorescence staining test manifestation series of cell shape changes of apoptosis such as nuclear chromatin condensation. AnnexinV/PI double staining analysis showed that CHN-induced cell apoptosis had significant difference compared with the positive group(P<0.05). Conclusion: CHN may exert toxic actions on kidneys of mice which maybe the outcome of the CHN-induced HK-2 cells apoptosis.

Abstract:Objective: The difference of extracting solvent to hepatocytes toxicity of Polygonum multiflorum was researched to probe the influence of different usages to the safety of P. multiflorum. Method: The inhibition rate of P. multiflorum samples to human hepatocytes (L02 cell line) with different extracting methods was detected by CCK-8 method. The dose of all the samples was 5 g·L^-1 counted on the quantity of crude material. The influence of extracting solvent, the amount of solvent and extracting duration on hepatocytes toxicity was investigated by orthogonal test. UPLC fingerprints of the P. multiflorum samples were acquired and then analyzed with relationship to hepatocytes toxicity by partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Result: The method to detect the hepatocytes toxicity of P. multiflorum was established based on the CCK-8 colorimetry. The hepatocytes toxicity of the sample extracted with 75% ethanol was much greater than that of the sample extracted with water. The concentration of ethanol investigated in orthogonal test revealed significant influence to the hepatocytes toxicity, and the toxicity sequence of the samples was:50% ethanol>75% ethanol>95% ethanol. According PLS analysis there are two contents relative to hepatocytes toxicity. Conclusion: The extracting solvent showed significant influence on the hepatocytes toxicity of P. multiflorum and the sample extracted with 50% ethanol was of much toxic potential. It should be cautious about the high risk of liver damage of P. multiflorum, considering people usually used the herb by soaking with wine around 50 degree.

Abstract:Objective: Discuss the clinical efficacy of Tongfu Runzao decoction of oral antidiabetic drugs in poorly controlled gastrointestinal-heat type 2 diabetes(T2 DM). Method: Divide the 120 cases of oral hypoglycemic drugs poorly controlled type gastrointestinal excess heat T2 DM into control group and observation group randomly,each group has 60 cases. Both groups were treated with recombinant insulin glargine,observation group took Relaxing moistening party additionally,therapy for eight weeks.Monitor fasting blood glucose after treatment.2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG);test glycosylated hemoglobin before and after treatment,fasting insulin (FINS) and blood lipids;record the time of blood glucose,record usage of recombinant insulin glargine per week,record hypoglycemia occurred and gastrointestinal excess heat syndrome score. Result: The 2 hPG,HbA1c and FINS of the observation group is lower than the control group (P<0.05). The ISI of two groups both increased, while the significant increasing occurred in the observation group (P<0.01). Compared to the control group, the improvements of weight and waist circumference were all more obvious (P<0.05). During the 4, 6, 8 weeks after the treatment, the dose of recombinant insulin glargine of the observation group was all inferior to that of the control group (P<0.01). The average time (14.2±2.48) d of recovering blood glucose of the observation group was less than the time (17.8±2.79) d of the control group (P<0.01). The incidence of hypoglycemia and average people-time were both lower than the control group (P<0.01). Besides, after the treatment, the TG, TC and LDL-C level were lower than the control group excepting the HDL-C level higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The scores of the main symptoms (such as thirsty, like of cold drinks, distention and fullness and stool induration) were lower than control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: The Tongfu Runzao decoction can reduce the 2 hPG, HbA1c in the T2 DM, which could be controlled well by oral antidiabetic drugs, prompting the blood glucose of patients reaching the standard level. It can also decrease the usage of insulin, reducing the incidence of hypoglycemia caused by insulin. Can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, improve patient quality of life.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the effect of Guben Pingchuan decoction treatment of chronicity-persistent period in bronchial asthma. Method: Niety-six patients were randomly allocated into observational group and control group, 48 cases in each. With the reference of bronchial asthma prevention and treatment guidelines (2008) for conventional treatment, the observation group was treated with Guben Pingchuan decoction, 1 times/day, lasting for 12 weeks. Pre and post the treatment, asthma control test (ACT) scores, lung function forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV₁), forcedvitaclcapacity(FVC), expiratory flow ratel(PEF), asthma symptom score, quality of life assessment and symptom scales of lung and kidney Qi deficiency with cold phlegm were measured. Result: The effectiveness of observation group was 93.75%, better than the control group with 77.08%(P<0.05). Each domain and overall items of ACT of observation group were higher than the control group (P<0.01). The improvement of lung function (FEV₁, FVC, PEF) of the experimental group was better than of the control group (P<0.01). Asthma symptoms of daytime and nighttime symptom score rating of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). The St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores of the experimental group, were significantly decreased and lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). The scores of Lung and kidney Qi deficiency with Cold phlegm syndrome were lower than the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Guben Pingchuan decoction improves the clinical curative effect and patients life quality of chronicity-persistent period in bronchial asthmaand deserves promotion.

Abstract:Objective: Observed Qingyi Chengqi decoction oral and Shuangbai Sanjie powder external application treated severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and effect of serum cytokines. Method: The 80 patients with SAP were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Each group had 40 patients. 2 groups were reference to the'Severe Acute Pancreatitis Treat Guide'. Fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, Supplemented the blood volume, corrected water electrolyte acid-base balance, somatostatin, omeprazole, antibiotics treated. Observation group in on the basis of the control group with Qingyi Chengqi decoction oral and Shuangbai Sanjie powder external application treated. The treatment lasted 7 d. Recorded abdominal pain, abdominal bloating remission, recovery of bowel sounds and ventilation defecation time, recorded the hemogram, blood, urine amylase recovery time and average hospitalization time and average hospitalization costs. Before and after treatment we tested serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-15 (IL-15) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Result: The total effective rate of observation group was 97.5% better than the 80% of the control group (P<0.05);the observation group abdominal pain and abdominal bloating remission time, the recovery of bowel sounds time and the time of first defecation time were shorter than the control group (P<0.01);observation group, average hospitalization time and average hospitalization costs was less than that of the control group (P<0.01);the observation group normal hemogram time, blood, urine amylase recovery time were shorter than the control group (P<0.01);observation group serum IL-6, IL-15 and TNF-α level decreased significantly, and lower than the control group (P<0.01), the observed serum IL-10 significantly increased and higher than control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Qingyi Chengqi decoction oral and Shuangbai Sanjie powder external application could be significantly improved with SAP in acute abdominal pain, bloating and other symptoms of intestinal paralysis, adjusted the level of serum inflammatory factors, relieved pancreatitis systemic damage, which would facilitate the rehabilitation of the disease.

Abstract:Objective: Observed the Yinchenhao decoction Jiawei treated drug-induced liver injury (DILI) clinical efficacy. Method: One hundred and thirty cases of DILI patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group grouping by digital method, each group had 65 cases. Both groups were oral inosine tablets of 0.4 g/time, 3 times/d. The Glucurolactone tablets were oral of 0.2 g/time, 3 times/d. The control group was treated with polyene phosphatidylcholine capsules, 2 pills/time, 3 times/d. Observation group used Yinchenhao decoction Jiawei. 1 dose/d. Lasted for 4 weeks. Every week was monitoring of liver function change. We observed clinical symptoms signs. Before and after treatment we tested serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) levels. Result: After treatment, the observation group, the cure rate was 95.23%, better than 63.07% of the control group (P<0.05);After treatment, jaundice, fatigue, anorexia, nausea vomiting, skin rash itching, stool, hypochondriac pain and abdominal distension nausea scores were lower than the control group (P<0.01);after treatment, alanine aminotransferase(ALT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(AST), bilirubin(TBIL) were lower than the control group (P<0.01);after treatment, serum IL-10 was higher than control group, IFN-gamma was lower than the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yinchenhao decoction Jiawei could be reduced in patients with ALT, AST, TBIL level, reduced the clinical manifestations such as jaundice, fatigue, anorexia, improved the clinical cure rate, and its mechanism may be related with regulated immune function.

Abstract:Objective: To discuss the clinical efficacy of treating pediatric capillary bronchitis with Reduning injection intravenous drip and Inhalation extra and the influence to inflammatory factors. Method: Ninety patients with pediatric capillary bronchitis were randomly divided into observation group (n=45) and control group (n=45). Patients in the two groups were both treated with conventional Western therapy. Patients in control group were treat with budesonide 1 mg and terbutaline 5 mg in physiological saline 5 mL by oxygen atomizing inhalation. Patients in observation group were given reduning injection intravenous drips and oxygen atomizing inhalation. Both groups were taken 7 day one cycle. The arterial blood gas index were recorded at 0 d and 3 days and the main symptoms and signs were recorded at 0, 3, 7 day;Serum interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were tested before and after treatment. Result: The total efficacy of the observation group 96.6% was significantly better than the control group 82.2% (P<0.05). Oxygen saturation(SPO₂) and oxygen tension(PaO₂) were both significantly higher at 3 day and observation group was higher than control group. PaCO₂ of observation group was decline and was lower than control group(P<0.01). At 3 day, fever, cough, expectoration, wheezing suppress and lung auscultation score of observation group were lower than control group (P<0.01). At 3 day, cough, expectoration, wheezing suppress and lung auscultation score of observation group were lower than control group (P<0.01). Serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels of observation group were lower than control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Reduning injection intravenous micropump and inhalation extra has significant clinical efficacy and the mechanism may be related to reduce inflammation.

Abstract:Objective: Observed the impact of Mangankang pill to the patients with liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome in chronic hepatitis B(CHB) cellular immune function. Method: Seventy-one patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled and randomized into two groups:the treated group(36 cases)and the control group(35 cases).The two groups were given lamivudine treatment,the treatment group was given Mangankang pill,6 g/times, 3 times/day, with a course of eight weeks. Result: The two groups can improve liver pain or discomfort, anorexia,fatigue, bloating symptoms,the treatment group better than the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference between the two groups in the improvement of alanine aminotrans ferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotrans ferase(AST).The treatment group was more significant in the reduction of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-DNA (P<0.05).Treatment group CD3⁺,CD4⁺ increased,CD8 decreased,CD4⁺/CD8⁺ increased after treatment.Differencebwas statistically significant compared with the controlngroup(P<0.05). Conclusion: Mangankang pill can improve the status of liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome in patients with chronic hepatitis B-free cellular immune disorders, improve the therapeutic effect of anti-viral.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the effect of Bailing capsule on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with Graves' disease(GD). Method: Sixty patients with GD were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, routine group (n=30) was treated with Methimazole;the Bailing capsule group (n=30) was treated with Bailing capsule(4# Tid)combined with Methimazole. The levels of T-lymphocyte subsets,free triiodothyronine 3(FT3),FT4,sensitive thyroid stimulating hormone(sTSH),thyrotrophin receptor antibody(TRAb),interferon-γ(FN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4) were measured in two group pre and post treatment.Follow-up 1 year after treatment,observe the recurrence rate of GD. Result: The thyroid function of the two groups was not significant after treatment. After treatment the CD4⁺T cells,CD4/CD8,IFN-γ,TRAb in the Bailing Capsule group [CD4⁺(30.6±2.1)%,CD4/CD8(1.5±1.7), IFN-γ(25.8±4.2)μg·L^-1, TRAb(18.2±10.6)U·L^-1] was decreased more significantly than routine group[(35.9±1.8)%,(1.7±1.3),(34.8±2.4)μg·L^-1,(25.9±8.8)U·L^-1]. After treatment the CD8⁺T cells and IL-4 in the Bailing capsule group was increased more significantly than routine group[CD8⁺(23.1±1.8)% vs (20.2±1.3)%, IL-4(14.8±3.2) μg·L^-1 vs(12.5±1.7) μg·L^-1] (P<0.05). Follow-up 1 year after withdrawal,the Bailing capsule group than the c routine group recurrence rate was significantly lower(16.7% VS40%)(P<0.05). Conclusion: The Bailing capsule can effectively regulate the GD patient's cellular immunity and reduce autoantibody levels in GD patients.

Abstract:Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia children with phlegm-heat closed lungs by Qingfei Tongluo method. Method: Sixty patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group, the two groups of patients were treated with intravenous infusion of azithromycin therapy for five days, and intravenous infusion of kitasamycin therapy for two days, treatment group were added to Qingfei Tongluo agent orally 7 days. Comprehensive efficacy and the total score of the clinical signs and symptoms before and after treatment were compared between the two group to evaluat the clinical efficacy Qingfei Tongluo method. Result: In the treatment group,18 cases were cured, 9 cases were markedly effective, the total effective rate was 96.67%.In the control group cured 10 cases were cured,8 cases were markedly effective, the total effective rate was 93.33%;Upon examination, the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05). The clinical signs and symptoms total score before and after treatment in the treatment group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Treatment of children Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with phlegm-heat closed lungs by Qingfei Tongluo method has significant effect and important clinical value to further study.

Abstract:Objective: To observe the Yiqi Huoxue Huatan expectorant noninvasive method with mechanical ventilation treatment of stage acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) the curative effect of respiratory failure. Method: Will conform to the criteria of 72 cases of fall off (including 20% of cases) AECOPD respiratory failure syndrome of lung and kidney phlegm and blood stasis resistance type lung patients were randomly assigned to two groups:control group treated with antibiotics, bronchial spasm, expectorant drugs and other conventional and noninvasive mechanical ventilation treatment, treatment group in the control group on the basis of taking the yuan tonga blood phlegm of traditional Chinese medicine, every day a dose, three times a day. Compared two groups of curative effect, with arterial blood gas (pH value, carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO₂), and oxygen partial pressure (PaO₂) the improvement of the situation;Cough, chest tightness, and sound and other clinical symptoms and lung wet days in hospital. Result: Two groups, the treatment group (34 cases, 19 cases were markedly effective, effective 12 cases, 3 cases, the total effective rate of 91.18%;16 in 32 cases, 11 cases were markedly effective, efficient, invalid in 5 cases, the total effective rate 84.38%. Two groups before and after treatment of the pH value has no obvious change, two groups after treatment carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO₂), and oxygen partial pressure index (PaO₂) is a treatment before have significantly improved (P<0.05), but the treatment group than the control group before and after treatment to improve the more obvious. Treatment group hospitalization days was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests Yiqi Huoxue Huatan method with phlegm AECOPD respiratory failure patients noninvasive mechanical ventilation treatment, can improve the clinical curative effect, improve blood gas index, shorten the patient in hospital days, reduce the economic burden in patients, give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine, and achieve complementary effect of Chinese and western medicine, improve AECOPD respiratory failure clinical curative effect of treatment.

Abstract:Objective: In order to provide a theoretical basis for the study of modern preparation medicine therapy for stroke, authors classify drugs and study prescriptions compatibility rules under the Hui medicine theory. Method: One hundred and one Hui prescriptions were classified and screened from prophase search in Hui medicine. Which are drug, couplet medicines, and medicine group were counted frequency using Microsoft Excel 2003 software. According to the information collected and virginal methods, the compatibility rules of prescription was analyzed. Result: According to tropism of taste of the Hui medicine theory the 47 drugs was divided into cold,hot, dry, and wet. Some drugs appeared more than 10 times, such as pepper. At the same time, there is the largest number of Piper nigrum.and P. longum. In the pharmaceutical composition of two drugs. There is the largest number of P. nigrum., P. longum. and Stigma Croci in the pharmaceutical composition of three drugs.We got the frequency of single drug and pharmaceutical composition. Conclusion: All Hui medcine prescriptions were compound prescriptions in treatment of stroke. Hot and dry Hui drugs are frequently used.

Abstract:Objective: To investigate the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) of clinical research on system evaluation and Meta analysis, to understand the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of PCS, so as to guide clinical traditional Chinese medicine treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome application. Method: According to the principle of evidence-based medicine and methods, through the computer and manual retrieval in the recent 20 years of traditional Chinese medicine to pelvic congestion syndrome of randomized controlled literatures, in the literature evaluation system and Meta analysis. Result: Into 17 articles, 3 article using table of random number grouping method, 3 article using the order of clinic on a half random grouping. Only 1 article by a single blind. 1 article clear into and exclusion standard. Article 8 a specific statistical methods, there are specific statistics and value. Five articles mentioned follow-up. All documents were not describe exit and lost to follow-up cases. 3 article mentioned the adverse reaction of observation. All documents do not describe whether to implement scheme of hiding. Methodological quality score, 3 to 2 points, the others all is 1 minute. Meta analysis results showed that the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine of the comparison with western medicine has a certain advantage, combining traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment is superior to pure western medicine curative effect, the effect of different Chinese traditional medicine have difference. Conclusion: The quality of traditional Chinese medicine to study further improve. Meta analysis showed that traditional Chinese medicine treatment of PCS is western medicine have certain advantages, the effect of different traditional Chinese medicine also has difference, it is a kind of promising treatments. But certain curative effect evidence strength is not enough, should be high quality, large sample, multicenter randomized controlled trial of further confirmed.

Abstract:Objective: It is to assess the curative effect and safety of Shuxuetong injection combined with Ozagrel Sodium injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction(ACI) with Meta analysis method. Method: The randomized controlled clinical trials of Shuxuetong injection combined with Ozagrel Sodium injection for the treatment of ACI from 1989-2012 were searched by computer-based on line search,and the data was statistically analyzed by Review Manager 5.1.7. Result: The results showed that there were 24 literatures which incorporated by Meta-analysis and the criterion were homogenous. Fixed effect model statistics and analysis showed that the OR(95%CI)was 4.30(3.16-5.86). WMD(95%CI)was-3.63(-4.85--2.41). Conclusion: Meta analysis shows that Shuxuetong combined with Ozagrel Sodium injection is effective for ACI and it can improve the clinlcal symptom and neurologic impairment in the treatment of ACI without obvious ADR. However,more strict and multicentric randomized double-blind control trials are needed in order to provide more convinced evidence.

Abstract:Based on the principle of the solid dispersion prepared traditional Chinese medicine pills agent has now become a promising new formulations of traditional Chinese medicine. The formulation based on the theory of Chinese medicine and Chinese pharmacy, Supplemented by modern forms of technology and other preparation techniques, refined and enriched preparation can be obtained from the active ingredients or effective parts. Their composition is clear, the mass is easy to control and improve the bioavailability of a drug. Recent years, with dripping pills accessories and preparation deepening of the research and development, clinical applications gradually shows its advantages of traditional Chinese medicine formulations than others do not have. Compared with the traditional Chinese medicine, dripping pills can avoid the low bioavailability and functional shortcomings of slow, meanwhile carry forward the ascendancies of traditional Chinese medicine, such as low side effects, security and fewer adverse reactions, etc. Chinese medicine pills agent has been more widely used, which be much closer to the requirements of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Abstract:This paper focuses on a cream with liquid crystalline gel network structure formation theory, elements stabilizing mechanism and microstructure characterization reviewed. Cream mainly composed of the surfactant, an amphiphilic compound and water is formed, creams with liquid crystalline gel network structures are supposed to be four-phase systems,including the hydrophilic gel phase, the lipophilic gel phase, bulk water phase and dispersed phase,through a polarized light microscopy and cryo-transmission electron microscope (Cryo-TEN) can be clearly observed to its internal structure.

Abstract:As the ever-accelerated discovering of ginsenoside Rg₁' s pharmacological activities and updating of traditional chinese medicine percutaneous preparation, recent relevant references and information were summarized, and further analyzed and reviewed in this paper. Research conditions of transdermal absorption in ginsenoside Rg₁ was summarized briefly, which generally included choices of cutaneous penetration, influence factors of transdermal absorption and penetration enhancers. The results showed that ginsenoside Rg₁ has a certain transdermal performance.Factors affecting its transdermal are numerous, which the matrix is selected as the decisive factor. Development and selection of different chemical, medicine and composite penetration enhancers to improve ginsenoside Rg₁'s transdermal performance are significant.Transdermal absorption of ginsenoside Rg₁ will provided reasonable theoretical basis for its new transdermal preparations and clinical application.

Abstract:Atherosclerosis is a common pathological basis of cardiovascular disease.The pathological changes of smooth muscle cell and extracellular matrix metalloproteinases led to vascular remodeling.The key factors of causing and maintaining atherosclerosis plaque vulnerability.Matrix metalloproteinases play an important role. This article reviews the biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanism of matrix metalloproteinases and the reversal effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in order to provide help to search for effective TCM of atherosclerosis.

Abstract:Chuanxinlian injections are special in the treatment of some acute diseases and infectious diseases because of their rapid effect and high efficiency. However, more adverse reactions of Chuanxinlian injections, especially anaphylactoid reactions, have been reported along with their wide use in clinic recently. And the concerns to the safety of Chuanxinlian injections are much more focused. On the basis of the Chinese journal full-text data base, literatures about the adverse effects of Chuanxinlian injections were searched and investigated. The safety state of injection of Chuanxinlian injections was analyzed, and three kinds of detection model to anaphylactoid reactions:in vitro cell model, animal model of wild rodents and big animal model were summarized. We hope that paper could supply any research ideas for solving the safety problems of traditional Chinese medicine injection.

Abstract:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent and common abnormal gastrointestinal (GI) tract movement illness. IBS is characterized by a multiple symptom complex of abdominal pain, bloating, and sometimes bouts of diarrhea and/or constipation.IBS can be recurrent imposes a substantial economic burden in direct medical costs and in indirect social costs. There is no cure for IBS in Western medicine. Although current IBS therapies are somewhat useful for some patients in relieving single IBS symptoms, patients generally are dissatisfied with their overall efficacy and tolerability. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can provide an alternative treatment for irritable bowel syndrome and many kinds of formulas were proved to be effective in treating IBS in recent years. The present article reviewed the mechanisms of these formulas.